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Metal Nanoparticles-Based Biomarkers for Clinical Diagnosis

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Handbook of Nanobioelectrochemistry

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Abstract

The new functional nanomaterials and analytical technologies offer significant advancements for the clinical diagnosis of several biomarkers targeting diseases. Nanostructured metals have superior properties that provide extensive applicability in sensing configurations. Metal nanoparticles exhibit excellent physical and chemical properties by increasing detection sensitivities. Applying these nanoparticles in electrochemical sensing in place of conventional technologies has led to significant developments. Unique properties of metal nanoparticles, such as extremely high electrical conductivity, increased surface area, high electron mobility, small size (sufficient to interact with biological molecules), and stability, make them suitable for detecting biomarkers. Many promising metal nanoparticles, such as gold (Au), silver (Ag), platinum (Pt), palladium (Pd), and copper (Cu) and their bimetallic nanocomposites, have been extensively used for diagnostics purposes and targeted delivery. Electrochemical techniques with a high performance of the metal nanoparticles have an essential role in biomarker detection for accurate sample analysis. The design of a metal nanoparticle decorated electrochemical platform is required to diagnose serious diseases such as cancer, coronary disease, neurological disorders, and obesity. The benefits of the metal nanoparticle modified systems such as cost-effectiveness, simplicity, high selectivity, easy preparation process, real-time monitoring, and simultaneous sensing capability of the critical biomarkers provide a crucial role in fabricating new electrochemical sensing strategies. These strategies include biology, biochemistry, chemistry, electrics-electronics, pharmaceutical sciences, material science, and medicine.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ankara University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Ankara, Turkey

    Nazlı Şimşek & Niran Öykü Erdoğan

  2. Ankara University, Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry Division, Ankara, Turkey

    Gözde Aydoğdu Tığ

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  1. Nazlı Şimşek
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  2. Niran Öykü Erdoğan
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  3. Gözde Aydoğdu Tığ
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Correspondence to Gözde Aydoğdu Tığ .

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  1. Department of Chemistry, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India

    Uday Pratap Azad

  2. School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Pranjal Chandra

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Şimşek, N., Erdoğan, N.Ö., Tığ, G.A. (2023). Metal Nanoparticles-Based Biomarkers for Clinical Diagnosis. In: Azad, U.P., Chandra, P. (eds) Handbook of Nanobioelectrochemistry. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-9437-1_25

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