Skip to main content

A Study on Workability, Strength and Microstructure of Geopolymer Composites Made with Sustainable Materials

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Sustainable Environment (NERC 2022)

Abstract

The current research work focuses on evaluation of workability, compressive strength and microstructure of geopolymer concrete (GPc) made with fly ash (FA) and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) and that made with fly ash and OPC. The FA-GGBFS, and FA-OPC based GPc were made by replacing FA with GGBFS and OPC, respectively, at 10% and 20% by the mass of total binder. For the preparation of GPc mixes, sodium silicate (SS) solution and sodium hydroxide (SH) solution were used with a mass ratio of 1.2, and NaOH solution was prepared at 6 M and 8 M concentrations. In this study, tests for workability, compressive strength at 7 days and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis were conducted on geopolymer composites. The results showed reduction in slump value with increase in the concentration of SH solution and with GGBFS and OPC content in the GPc mixes. Further, the FA-OPC based GPc showed lower slump value than FA-GGBFS geopolymer composites. The FA-OPC geopolymer composites mostly showed lower strength as compared to FA-GGBFS based GPc. From XRD analysis, anorthoclase and albite peak intensities were higher in the geopolymer composites made with FA-GGBFS than GPc with FA-OPC.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Luga, E., Atis, C.D.: Optimization of heat cured fly ash/slag blend geopolymer mortars designed by “Combined Design” method: Part 1. Constr. Build. Mater. 178, 393–404 (2018)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Arıoğlu Akan, M.O., Dhavale, D.G., Sarkis, J.: Greenhouse gas emissions in the construction industry: an analysis and evaluation of a concrete supply chain. J. Clean. Prod. 167, 1195–1207 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Almalkawi, A.T., Balchandra, A., Soroushian, P.: Potential of using industrial wastes for production of geopolymer binder as green construction materials. Constr. Build. Mater. 220, 516–524 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Somna, K., Jaturapitakkul, C., Kajitvichyanukul, P., Chindaprasirt, P.: NaOH-activated ground fly ash geopolymer cured at ambient temperature. Fuel 90(6), 2118–2124 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Changmai, M., Das, P. P., Mondal, P., Pasawan, M., Sinha, A., Biswas, P., ... & Purkait, M. K.: Hybrid electrocoagulation–microfiltration technique for treatment of nanofiltration rejected steel industry effluent. Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 102, 62–83 (2022)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Samanta, N. S., Das, P. P., Mondal, P., Bora, U., & Purkait, M. K.: Physico-chemical and adsorption study of hydrothermally treated zeolite A and FAU-type zeolite X prepared from LD (Linz–Donawitz) slag of the steel industry. Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. 13, 1–23 (2022)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. ASTM C150/C150M-20 (Type I), Standard specification for Portland cement. ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  8. IS 516: 2021 (Part 1/Sec 1), Method of tests for strength of concrete. Bureau of Indian Standard, Manak Bhavan, New Delhi (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Chareerat, T., Chindaprasirt, P., Sirivivatnanon, V.: Workability and strength of coarse high calcium fly ash geopolymers. Cement Concr. Compos. 29, 224–229 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Deb, P.S., Nath, P., Sarker, P.K.: The effects of ground granulated blast-furnace slag blending with fly ash and activator content on the workability and strength properties of geopolymer concrete cured at ambient temperature. Mater. Des. 62, 32–39 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Jindal, B.B.: Investigations on the properties of geopolymer mortar and concrete with mineral admixtures: a review. Constr. Build. Mater. 227, 116644 (2019)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Amer, I., Kohail, M., El-Feky, M.S., Rashad, A., Khalaf, M.A.: Characterization of alkali-activated hybrid slag/cement concrete. Ain Shams Eng. J. 12(1), 135–144 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Chindaprasirt, P., Chalee, W.: Effect of sodium hydroxide concentration on chloride penetration and steel corrosion of fly ash-based geopolymer concrete under marine site. Constr. Build. Mater. 63, 303–310 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Mohapatra, A.K., Pradhan, B.: A study on early age properties of hybrid alkali activated mortars cured under ambient condition. Mater. Today: Proc. 65, 954–960 (2022)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. Leela Sai Rangarao .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Leela Sai Rangarao, M., Mohapatra, A.K., Pradhan, B. (2023). A Study on Workability, Strength and Microstructure of Geopolymer Composites Made with Sustainable Materials. In: Deka, D., Majumder, S.K., Purkait, M.K. (eds) Sustainable Environment. NERC 2022. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8464-8_12

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics