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Cross-Talk Between Gut Microbiota and Immune Cells and Its Impact on Inflammatory Diseases

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Biotechnology Applied to Inflammatory Diseases

Part of the book series: Interdisciplinary Biotechnological Advances ((IBA))

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Abstract

The collection of microorganisms that inhabits the human gastrointestinal tract is usually called the gut microbiota. The gut microbiota is an important component for the development and function of the immune system, operating as a complex of microorganisms that produce substances that interact with the immune cells and respond to internal and external stimuli in the body. The gut microbiota has a different composition in healthy individuals and those who have a disease suggesting that it can be a disease marker. It is also suggested to educate the host immune response and keep homeostasis through sophisticated microbial cross-talk with the mucosal immune system that includes huge integrated signaling pathways and gene regulatory circuits. The imbalance of these delicate interactions between microbiota and immune cells is associated with the development not only of inflammatory diseases but of also several diseases such as neurological, autoimmune disease, and metabolic syndrome. Therefore, a better understanding becomes vital for comprehending the factors linked with the development and/or occurrence of these disorders. This chapter focuses on the current findings of the role of gut microbiota in the activation and function of immune cells and how this relation modulates homeostasis and health disorders associated with microbiome dysbiosis. Moreover, we point up new nanotechnology therapies concerning manipulating the microbiome for the management of microbiota alterations-related human disease, giving and discussing future challenges and the perspective for this emerging area.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Paulista Medical School, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil

    Eloisa Martins da Silva

  2. Bernardo’s Lab, Center for Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of ABC (UFABC), São Paulo, Brazil

    Renan Willian Alves, Lorena Doretto-Silva & Vinicius Andrade-Oliveira

Authors
  1. Eloisa Martins da Silva
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  2. Renan Willian Alves
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  3. Lorena Doretto-Silva
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  4. Vinicius Andrade-Oliveira
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Vinicius Andrade-Oliveira .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Human and Natural Sciences Center, Federal University of ABC, Santo Andre, São Paulo, Brazil

    Daniele Ribeiro de Araujo

  2. Human and Natural Sciences Center, Federal University of ABC, Santo Andre, São Paulo, Brazil

    Marcela Carneiro-Ramos

Ethics declarations

This study was supported by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP): Grant number: 2019/14755-0. Vinicius Andrade-Oliveira is also a fellow of the Pew Latin American Fellow program of the Pew Foundation. This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior—Brasil (CAPES)—Finance Code 001, where Renan Willian Alves and Lorena Doretto-Silva received a grant for their PhD degree. Eloisa Martins da Silva is recipient of PhD fellowship from FAPESP (2020/14388-4).

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da Silva, E.M., Alves, R.W., Doretto-Silva, L., Andrade-Oliveira, V. (2023). Cross-Talk Between Gut Microbiota and Immune Cells and Its Impact on Inflammatory Diseases. In: Ribeiro de Araujo, D., Carneiro-Ramos, M. (eds) Biotechnology Applied to Inflammatory Diseases. Interdisciplinary Biotechnological Advances. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-8342-9_8

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