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Antistatic Packaging for Electronic Devices of PTT-Based Polymer Blends, Composites, and Nanocomposites

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Poly Trimethylene Terephthalate

Part of the book series: Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials ((MHFNN))

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Abstract

Due to the economic growth and the consumption of goods and services, the packaging sector presents a very favorable scenario. In the electronic components’ industry, packages must dissipate electrostatic discharges during the transport and storage of these components to ensure functionality. This special type of packaging is called antistatic packaging and is a very important sector since the electrostatic discharge of electronic products can damage and/or disable electronic devices. However, for this application, the material must have low electrical resistivity, which makes it necessary to add antistatic agents to achieve these properties. In this chapter, we will discuss the use of poly(trimethylene terephthalate) (PTT)-based polymeric blends, composites, and nanocomposites as antistatic packaging for electronic devices. As antistatic agents, carbon materials were chosen, and the use of three different antistatic agents such as carbon nanotubes (CNT), graphite, and graphene nanoplatelets is reported. Furthermore, the modification of filler in PTT-based nanocomposites, such as multiwall carbon nanotubes’ chemical functionalization (f-MWCNT); the use of the compatibilizer agent maleic anhydride-grafted PTT (PTT-g-MA); and the addition of a second phase are described and discussed in relation to the influence of these aspects on the electrical properties of PTT. As a result, PTT can be a polymeric matrix with great potential for use as an antistatic packaging, and it can be modified with CNT, graphite, or graphene nanoplatelets to achieve the electrical properties necessary for this application.

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Abbreviations

ABS:

Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene

AC:

Alternating current

AR:

Aspect ratio

CB:

Carbon black

CNT:

Carbon nanotubes

CCVD:

Chemical catalytic vapor deposition

DS:

Dielectric spectroscopy

DWCNT:

Double-wall carbon nanotubes

ESD:

Electrostatic discharge

EG:

Exfoliated graphite

EMI-SE:

Electromagnetic interference shield

EPT:

Electrical percolation threshold

f-MWCNT:

Functionalized MWCNT

GC:

Glassy carbon

GIC:

Graphite/graphene-intercalated compounds

GNP:

Graphite/graphene nanoplatelets

HDPE:

High-density polyethylene

LDPE:

Low-density polyethylene

MIL-STD:

Military Standard

MWCNT:

Multiwall carbon nanotubes

PTT:

Poly(trimethylene terephthalate)

PTT-g-MA:

Maleic anhydride-grafted PTT

rGO:

Reduced graphene/graphite oxide

SR:

Surface resistivity

SWCNT:

Single-wall carbon nanotubes

VR:

Volume resistivity

2D:

Two-dimensional

3D:

Tridimensional

1D:

One-dimensional

0D:

Zero-dimensional

σ:

Electrical conductivity

ρ:

Electrical resistivity

θ :

Phase difference between the voltage and the electrical current

ω :

Angular frequency

ε*:

Complex permittivity

f :

Frequency

i :

Electrical current

M* :

Electric modulus

V :

Electrical potential

Y * :

Admittance

Z:

Real impedance

Z* :

Complex impedance

Z’ :

Real part of complex impedance

Z" :

Imaginary part of complex impedance

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Acknowledgements

This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior, Brazil (CAPES), Finance Code 001. The authors thank FAPESP (process 2020/12501-8) and CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico, process 310196/2018-3, 405675/2018-6, and 440312/2021-3) for the financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Polymer and Biopolymer Technology Laboratory (TecPBio), Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), 330 Talim St., Zip Code 12231-280, São José Dos Campos, Brazil

    Natália Ferreira Braga, Thais Ferreira da Silva, Erick Gabriel Ribeiro dos Anjos, Henrique Morales Zaggo, Yves Nicolau Wearn & Fabio Roberto Passador

  2. Advanced Ceramic Laboratory, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), 330 Talim St., Zip Code 12231-280, São José Dos Campos, Brazil

    Eduardo Antonelli

Authors
  1. Natália Ferreira Braga
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  2. Thais Ferreira da Silva
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  3. Erick Gabriel Ribeiro dos Anjos
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  4. Henrique Morales Zaggo
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  5. Yves Nicolau Wearn
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  6. Eduardo Antonelli
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  7. Fabio Roberto Passador
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Correspondence to Natália Ferreira Braga or Fabio Roberto Passador .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. International and Interuniversity Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, India

    A. R. Ajitha

  2. School of Chemical Science, International and Interuniversity Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, India

    Sabu Thomas

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Braga, N.F. et al. (2023). Antistatic Packaging for Electronic Devices of PTT-Based Polymer Blends, Composites, and Nanocomposites. In: Ajitha, A.R., Thomas, S. (eds) Poly Trimethylene Terephthalate. Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7303-1_13

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