Abstract
The rapid expansion of the development of hydropower in geologically and seismically active areas has numerous technological risks involved. Tunnels in rock masses have different stress and deformation responses than other engineering materials due to the existence of weak planes. This paper describes the use of numerical modeling approaches to assess tunnel deformation and tunnel stability under the earthquake loading for an 8.8 m horseshoe-shaped power tunnel excavated in Vishnugarh Pipalkoti, Uttaranchal, India. In this analysis, two different approaches are used to perform pseudo-static analyzes to understand the impacts of seismicity on tunnels. The rock mass is modeled as continuum in the first approach, and the tunnel is treated as a continuum equivalent with the inclusion of critical joint sets in the second method. The present study concluded that the first approach overestimates the seismic forces generated in the liner. Hence, it is more beneficial to use an equivalent continuum-interface approach to obtain results with greater accuracy.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Tsinidis G et al (2016) Seismic response of box-type tunnels in soft soil: experimental and numerical investigation. Tunnell Undergr Space Technol 59(2016):199–214
Yan L et al (2020) A numerical study on the transverse seismic response of lined circular tunnels under obliquely incident asynchronous P and SV waves. Tunnell Undergr Space Technol 97(2020):103235
Wang JN, Munfakh GA (2001) Seismic design of tunnels, vol 57. WIT Press
Li J, Ma G (2010) Analysis of blast wave interaction with a rock joint. Rock Mech Rock Eng 43(6):777–787
Sitharam TG (2017) Practical equivalent continuum analyses of jointed rockmass: experiments, numerical modeling, validation and field case studies
Kampas G et al (2019) The effect of tunnel lining modelling approaches on the seismic response of sprayed concrete tunnels in coarse-grained soils. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 117(2019):122–137
Lu C-C, Hwang J-H (2018) Damage analysis of the new Sanyi railway tunnel in the 1999 Chi-Chi earthquake: necessity of second lining reinforcement. Tunnell Undergr Space Technol 73(2018):48–59
Ttshering (2011) The impact of earthquake on tunnels in different rockmass quality Q: Masters’s thesis in Geoscience, Department of Geoscience, University of Oslo
Wang YX et al (2019) Seismic response of tunnel lining structure in a thick expansive soil stratum. Tunn Undergr Space Technol 88:250–259
Tiwari G, Latha GM (2016) Design of rock slope reinforcement: an Himalayan case study. Rock Mech Rock Eng 49(6):2075–2097
Zhou Y-Y et al (2017) An enhanced equivalent continuum model for layered rock mass incorporating bedding structure and stress dependence. Int J Rock Mech Mining Sci 97(2017):75–98
Bilotta E, Lanzano G, Russo G, Santucci de Magistris F, Aiello V, Conte E, Valentino M (2007) Pseudostatic and dynamic analyses of tunnels in transversal and longitudinal direction. In: Proceeding of the fourth international conference on earthquake geotechnical engineering, Thessaloniki, Greece; Paper no 1550
Sedarat H et al (2009) Contact interface in seismic analysis of circular tunnels. Tunnell Undergr Space Technol 24(4):482–490
Lee T-H et al (2016) Damage analysis of cut-and-cover tunnel structures under seismic loading. Bull Earthq Eng 14(2):413–431
Pan Q, Dias D (2018) Three-dimensional static and seismic stability analysis of a tunnel face driven in weak rock masses. Int J Geomech 18(6):04018055
Thakur VC, Sriram V, Mundepi AK (2000) Seismotectonics of the great 1905 Kangra earthquake meizoseismal region in Kangra-Chamba, NW Himalaya. Tectonophysics 326(3–4):289–298
Bandis SC, Lumsden AC, Barton NR (1983) Fundamentals of rock joint deformation. Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstracts 20(6). Pergamon
Rocscience Inc (2011) Phase 2 program reference manual
NGI (2013) Using the Q-system—rock mass classification and support design. NGI Publ, Norway, p 54
Barton N, Loset F, Lien R, Lunde J (1980) Application of the Q-system in design decisions concerning dimensions and appropriate support for underground installations. In: International conference on sub-surface space, rock store, Stockholm, Sub-Surface Space, vol 2, pp 553–561
IS 456 (2000): Plain and reinforced concrete—code of practice CED 2: cement and concrete
Shreedharan S, Kulatilake PHSW (2016) Discontinuum–equivalent continuum analysis of the stability of tunnels in a deep coal mine using the distinct element method. Rock Mech Rock Eng 49(5):1903–1922
Srivastav A, Satyam N (2020) Understanding the impact of the earthquake on circular tunnels in different rock mass: a numerical approach. Inno Infrastructure Solutions 5(1):1–9
Shen Y, Gao B, Yang X, Shuangjiang T (2014) Seismic damage mechanism and dynamic deformation characteristic analysis of mountain tunnel after Wenchuan earthquake. Eng Geol 180:85–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2014.07.017
Chen Z et al (2017) Fracture evolution and energy mechanism of deep-buried carbonaceous slate. Acta Geotechnica 12(6):1243–1260
Yoo J-K et al (2018) Seismic response of circular tunnels in jointed rock. KSCE J Civ Eng 22(4):1121–1129
Varma M, Maji VB, Boominathan A (2019) Numerical modeling of a tunnel in jointed rocks subjected to seismic loading. Undergr Space 4(2):133–146
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Srivastav, A., Satyam, N. (2023). Seismic Assessment of Horseshoe-Shaped Tunnel Using a Pseudo-Static Approach. In: Muthukkumaran, K., Umashankar, B., Pitchumani, N.K. (eds) Earth Retaining Structures and Stability Analysis. IGC 2021. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol 303. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7245-4_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7245-4_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-19-7244-7
Online ISBN: 978-981-19-7245-4
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)