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Heat and Mass Transfer Analysis of Cylindrical and Spherical Reactors for CO2-based Adsorption systems

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Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power (Vol. 1) (FMFP 2021)

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Abstract

The current research article deals with a detailed heat and mass transfer analysis of adsorbent reactors (spherical and cylindrical) suitable for CO2-based systems. The investigation is done for constant pressure charging (40 bar) and discharging (65 bar) under free, forced convection, constant wall temperature environments with a charge-discharge time of 300 s and external cooling/heating fluid of 293 and 400 K, respectively. The results showed that the cylindrical reactor delivers better performance in terms of the mass of CO2 adsorbed and desorbed. Both the reactors are compared with respective adiabatic cases, which shows an increment of upto 85.7 and 87% in CO2 uptake for spherical and cylindrical reactors, respectively. The cylindrical reactor can desorb 0.31 kg/kg of CO2, corresponding to an increment of 54.8% compared to the spherical reactor. The enhanced performance noted in the cylindrical reactor is due to the reduced bed thickness, which signifies the importance of the reactor aspect ratio. The adsorbent reactors considered in the current work and the study's outcomes are very crucial, as these findings are still scarce in the open literature. The selected reactors can be employed in CO2 adsorption systems like refrigeration, desalination and carbon capture and storage. Depending on the application, further system performance can be improved by using internal and external fins or altering the external heat transfer parameters.

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Abbreviations

ε t :

total porosity (--)

avgc :

average bed concentration (kg/kg)

avgT :

average bed temperature (K)

b :

henry’s constant in Toth model (1/Pa)

b 0 :

pre-exponential coefficient (1/Pa)

C :

adsorbate uptake (kg/kg)

c 0 :

limiting uptake (kg/kg)

Cp :

specific heat (J/kg K)

H :

convective coefficient, contact conductance (W/m2 K)

K :

permeability of the bed (m2)

K :

parameter accounting for the presence of graphite in bed (--)

k so :

coefficient in kinetic model (1/s)

m :

mass (kg)

M g :

molecular weight (kg/kmol)

Q :

heat flux (W/m2)

Q st :

isosteric heat of adsorption (J/mol)

R u :

universal gas constant (J/ mol K)

t :

time (s)

u g :

gas velocity (m/s)

y :

graphite mass ratio (--)

λ :

thermal conductivity (W/m K)

μ g :

gas viscosity (Pa s)

ρ g :

density of gas (kg/m3)

cyl :

cylindrical reactor

eff :

effective

eq :

equilibrium

ext :

external

gr :

graphite

i :

initial

s :

adsorbent

sph :

spherical reactor

t :

total

wall :

reactor wall

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Department of Science and Technology (Science and Engineering Research Board), Govt. of India (Grant No. ECR/2018/000141).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Non-Conventional Refrigeration and Energy Storage Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian School of Mines), Indian Institute of Technology, Dhanbad, 826004, India

    Gautam,  Gautam & Satyabrata Sahoo

Authors
  1. Gautam
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  2. Satyabrata Sahoo
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Correspondence to Gautam .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology and Scienc, Pilani, Rajasthan, India

    Suvanjan Bhattacharyya

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jadavpur University, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

    Himadri Chattopadhyay

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Gautam, Sahoo, S. (2023). Heat and Mass Transfer Analysis of Cylindrical and Spherical Reactors for CO2-based Adsorption systems. In: Bhattacharyya, S., Chattopadhyay, H. (eds) Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power (Vol. 1). FMFP 2021. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7055-9_65

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7055-9_65

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  • Print ISBN: 978-981-19-7054-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-19-7055-9

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