Numerical Investigation of Blood Flow Through Stenosed Coronary Artery Using Reduced Order Model

Abstract

Coronary heart disease (CHD) is one of the top reason for global death. The patient-specific Multislice CT scan is segmented into the CAD model, and incorporated into the one dimensional numerical model for various cases of severity. A computational investigation of the full arterial tree having a stenosed coronary artery is carried out using one-dimensional equations. The geometry of the stenosed section is modelled based on an analytical equation. Forward and backward characteristic variables, which are solutions of the 1D characteristic system of equations, are used to derive unknown variables such as area and velocity. At the outflow, a resistance model with a zero reflection coefficient is considered, with a realistic pressure waveform as the input. For one cardiac cycle consisting of systole and diastole, numerical simulations are conducted. For patient-specific cases, Fractional Flow Reserve (FFR), instantaneous wavefree ratio (iFR), and wall shear stress (WSS) are estimated. The FFR and iFR found to be decreasing with the severity of stenosis.