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CubeSats for Gamma-Ray Astronomy

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Handbook of X-ray and Gamma-ray Astrophysics

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Abstract

After many years of flying in space primarily for educational purposes, CubeSats – tiny satellites with form factors corresponding to arrangements of “1U” units, or cubes, each 10 cm on a side – have come into their own as valuable platforms for technology advancement and scientific investigations. CubeSats offer comparatively rapid, low-cost access to space for payloads that can be built, tested, and operated by relatively small teams, with substantial contributions from students and early career researchers. Continuing advances in compact, low-power detectors, readout electronics, and flight computers have now enabled X-ray and gamma-ray sensing payloads that can fit within the constraints of CubeSat missions, permitting in-orbit demonstrations of new techniques and innovative high-energy astronomy observations. Gamma-ray-sensing CubeSats are certain to make an important contribution in the new era of multi-messenger, time-domain astronomy by detecting and localizing bright transients such as gamma-ray bursts, solar flares, and terrestrial gamma-ray flashes; however, other astrophysical science areas requiring long observations in a low-background environment, including gamma-ray polarimetry, studies of nuclear lines, and measurement of diffuse backgrounds, will likely benefit as well. We present the primary benefits of CubeSats for high-energy astronomy, highlight the scientific areas currently or soon to be studied, and review the missions that are currently operating, under development, or proposed. A rich portfolio of CubeSats for gamma-ray astronomy already exists, and the potential for a broad range of creative and scientifically productive missions in the near future is very high.

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Acknowledgements

PB acknowledges support from the Laboratory Directed Research and Development program of Los Alamos National Laboratory under project number 20210047DR. DM acknowledges support from Science Foundation Ireland grant 19/FFP/6777.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, USA

    Peter Bloser

  2. Centre for Space Research and School of Physics, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland

    David Murphy

  3. INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste, Trieste, Italy

    Fabrizio Fiore

  4. NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, MD, USA

    Jeremy Perkins

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  1. Peter Bloser
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  2. David Murphy
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  3. Fabrizio Fiore
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  4. Jeremy Perkins
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Correspondence to Peter Bloser or David Murphy .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

    Cosimo Bambi

  2. Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany

    Andrea Santangelo

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Bloser, P., Murphy, D., Fiore, F., Perkins, J. (2024). CubeSats for Gamma-Ray Astronomy. In: Bambi, C., Santangelo, A. (eds) Handbook of X-ray and Gamma-ray Astrophysics. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6960-7_53

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