Extraction of Lignin and Modifications

Pompêu, Gabriela Ciribelli Santos; Pasquini, Daniel

doi:10.1007/978-981-19-6772-6_23-1

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Abstract

Lignin is considered the second most abundant renewable material after cellulose. It is a natural amorphous macromolecule that confers rigidity, impermeability, and resistance to the structure of plants. Due to its efficiency as a biopolymer, lignin has received much attention over the years. In its structure, lignin can present several functional groups that make it a promising material in the use of synthesis to produce new compounds, such as the presence of aliphatic, phenolic, carboxylate, and sulfonate hydroxyl groups. Such complex and heterogeneous chemical composition poses a principal challenge for its utilization. In addition, the amount of lignin varies significantly with biomass origin, processing, and isolation method. Thus, the demand for new strategies is being developed to improve the conversion and availability of this lignin, as an option to use a low-cost material that has a high capacity to expand the recovery of renewable waste. This chapter aims to present different methods of lignin isolation, especially in agro-industrial residues, as the main chemical modifications for applications of new materials with high added value.

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Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Brazil
Gabriela Ciribelli Santos Pompêu & Daniel Pasquini

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School of Chemical Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam, Kerala, India
Sabu Thomas
Mechanical and Industrial Engineering:, Texas A&M University – Kingsville, Tuskegee, TX, USA
Mahesh Hosur
Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Bairro Santa Mônica, Brazil
Daniel Pasquini
Department of Chemistry, Newman College, Thodupuzha, Kerala, India
Cintil Jose Chirayil

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Pompêu, G.C.S., Pasquini, D. (2023). Extraction of Lignin and Modifications. In: Thomas, S., Hosur, M., Pasquini, D., Jose Chirayil, C. (eds) Handbook of Biomass. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6772-6_23-1

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6772-6_23-1
Received: 03 July 2023
Accepted: 03 July 2023
Published: 22 September 2023
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-19-6772-6
Online ISBN: 978-981-19-6772-6
eBook Packages: Springer Reference Chemistry and Mat. ScienceReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Chemistry, Materials and Physics

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