Abstract
Water scarcity is one of the significant issues many countries face due to the increased demand for freshwater and exhaustion of water resources. Therefore, developing efficient technologies for water purification is anticipated. Nowadays, nanofiltration (NF) separation processes are gaining importance in water purification and pre-treatment for desalination due to their capability in eliminating hardness, salts, and multivalent ions. In addition, NF can be operated under relatively lower pressure than reverse osmosis (RO), where its membrane pore size lies between ultrafiltration (UF) and RO membrane. Polymeric membranes such as polyamide, cellulose acetate, and polyethersulfone are generally used in NF. Many polymeric membranes offer flexibility in the fabrication process and are relatively inexpensive. However, the application of ceramic membranes in water purification has increased hastily due to their beneficial characteristics such as longer life span, fouling resistance, high stability towards corrosive media, and greater mechanical strength. Hence, this chapter discusses the recent signs of progress in ceramic NF membranes for water purification. Various kinds of composite ceramic NF membranes were elaborated in detail, including ceramic-ceramic, ceramic membranes incorporated with nanoparticles and metal–organic frameworks, and ceramic-polymeric membranes. In addition, the implementation of ceramic NF membranes for various water purification methods such as desalination, heavy metal ion removal, removal of dyes, etc., were discussed.
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Lakshmi Sandhya Rani, S., Vinoth Kumar, R. (2023). Performance of Ceramic Nanofiltration Membranes in Water Purification. In: Ahmad, A., Alshammari, M.B. (eds) Nanofiltration Membrane for Water Purification. Sustainable Materials and Technology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5315-6_10
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5315-6_10
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