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Changes in Plant Microbiome in Response to Abiotic Stress

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Plant Microbiome for Plant Productivity and Sustainable Agriculture

Part of the book series: Microorganisms for Sustainability ((MICRO,volume 37))

Abstract

Heavy metal, drought, salinity, temperature, and nutrient shortage are among abiotic factors that influence crop plants and jeopardize agricultural output. The association of a variety of microbes with plants is very significant for the growth and health of the plants for nutrient uptake, protection against phytopathogens, hormonal signaling for homeostasis, and acquired tolerance against various abiotic stresses. A community of these microbes that associates with plant is termed as plant microbiome. Recent research reveals that phenotypic and genotypic traits including length, water storage content, water storage capacity, nitrogen content, the phosphorus content of leaf, transpiration rate, and net photosynthetic rate are correlated with the composition of bacterial, archaeal, and fungal communities. Hence, a shift in the population density of these microbes in response to the abiotic stresses could significantly affect plant morphology and physiology. For example, drought could alter the microbial compositions in the rhizosphere and endosphere. The experimental studies revealed the depletion of several Acidobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, and Deltaproteobacteria followed by the enrichment of Actinobacteria and Chloroflexi during drought stress. Halotolerant microbes survive in high salt concentration expressing such traits that help plants to live in elevated salinity environments. All microorganisms respond to extreme temperatures by making specific polypeptides called heat shock proteins (HSPs). Certain bacterial strains produce exopolysaccharides (EPSs) that possess distinctive characteristics of holding water and also has cementing characteristics. The higher temperature increased Bacteroidetes and Verrucomicrobia while causing a decrease in the abundance of Proteobacteria. Engineering the rhizosphere of plants with specific abiotic stress-tolerant microbes makes a specific environment for the plant to nourish. This chapter will focus on different abiotic factors that affect the plant microbiome.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to Khola Tazeen for her help in the literature collection and proofreading of this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Mishaal Irfan, Hira Aslam, Awais Maqsood, Syeda Khola Tazeen & Muhammad Shahid

  2. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Faisal Mahmood

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  1. Mishaal Irfan
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Correspondence to Muhammad Shahid .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biosciences, School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Sagar Chhabra

  2. Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, India

    Ram Prasad

  3. Instituto de Investigación, Universidad Técnica de Manabí, Manabí, Ecuador

    Naga Raju Maddela

  4. Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering, New Delhi, India

    Narendra Tuteja

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Irfan, M., Aslam, H., Maqsood, A., Tazeen, S.K., Mahmood, F., Shahid, M. (2023). Changes in Plant Microbiome in Response to Abiotic Stress. In: Chhabra, S., Prasad, R., Maddela, N.R., Tuteja, N. (eds) Plant Microbiome for Plant Productivity and Sustainable Agriculture . Microorganisms for Sustainability, vol 37. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5029-2_5

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