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Part of the book series: Theoretical and Mathematical Physics ((TMP))

Abstract

This short chapter is a brief guide to the background and the topics treated in the book. We begin by recalling the key equations for integrability in two dimensions, motivate a generalization to three dimensions, digest how a class of quantum groups known as quantized coordinate rings play an important role, and mention some fruitful applications.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    The \(G_2\) reflection equation, which is less known, will be explained in some detail in Chap. 17. Its application is yet to be explored. It was written down in [85] guided by Fig. 1.2 which originates in the description in [30, p. 982].

  2. 2.

    In later sections, \(\mathcal {F}\) is taken slightly differently for LGJ.

  3. 3.

    The quantized Yang–Baxter equation is well known as a version of the tetrahedron equation. See Sect. 2.7 for a historical note. The quantized reflection equation and the quantized \(G_2\) reflection equation were introduced in [85, 105].

  4. 4.

    An intrinsic reason why (1.5) admits such a “physical” presentation in terms of scattering diagrams (Figs. 2.18, 4.6 and 8.1) is yet to be revealed.

  5. 5.

    It is parallel with 2D, where the quantum group symmetry of the form \(\mathcal {R}\mathcal {L}\mathcal {L}=\mathcal {L}\mathcal {L}\mathcal {R}\) automatically implies the Yang–Baxter equation \(\mathcal {R}\mathcal {R}\mathcal {R} = \mathcal {R}\mathcal {R}\mathcal {R}\) [43, 63].

  6. 6.

    See the last sections in Chaps. 25 for historical notes on these equations. The two versions of the 3D reflection equations correspond to types B and C. They will appear in (6.31) and (4.3).

  7. 7.

    Such an approach to the tetrahedron equation was first undertaken in [77].

  8. 8.

    See the argument around (3.101) and the one in Sect. 9.2.

  9. 9.

    For the Yang–Baxter equation, one may say that almost any trigonometric solution should be just the image of the universal \(\mathcal {R}\) in principle (top down). True. However, to describe or construct one in a tractable manner is another problem of individual interest (bottom up). A typical recipe of the latter is the fusion construction. The 3D approach briefed in this section is another having its own intriguing scope.

  10. 10.

    To characterize \(\mathcal {X}(z)\) for \(G_2\) in such a quantum group theoretical framework is an open problem.

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Correspondence to Atsuo Kuniba .

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Kuniba, A. (2022). Introduction. In: Quantum Groups in Three-Dimensional Integrability. Theoretical and Mathematical Physics. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3262-5_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3262-5_1

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-19-3261-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-19-3262-5

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