Abstract
Bioethanol is an environment friendly ethanol made from sugar or starchy crops and palms which undergoes fermentation and distillation processes. In the Biofuels Act of 2006, anhydrous bioethanol is blended in gasoline for better emission of vehicles. This paper aims to provide the viability of hydrous bioethanol as an alternative fuel blend in the Philippines that might: contribute in the reduction of bioethanol production cost; involve the country side in the bioethanol production; and use hydrous fuel blend as effective as the anhydrous blend.
Using the Facilities of Far East Alcohol Corporation in Pampanga, Php1.18 per liter of bioethanol can be saved if the 95% hydrous bioethanol will no longer undergo dehydration process. About Php1.4 to Php6.29 billion will be saved due to the reduced production cost of the 330 million gallons of bioethanol demand for the country. Hydrous bioethanol can be produced in the village level of Pamplona.
Hydrous bioethanol fuel blend using MMSUhBE20 formulation were tested on vehicles for extensive period, application, and altitudes had been proven as effective as the anhydrous blend E10. The presence of corrosion on the fuel tank of the motorcycle test vehicle suggest that modifications must be considered on the materials of the fuel systems of new vehicles. The sedan car did not exhibit any sign of corrosion in the tank and other component of the fuel system which is made up of stainless and non-corrosive materials.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Beckman, J., Nigatu, G.: A report from the economic research service global ethanol mandates: opportunities for U.S. exports of ethanol and DDGS. Rep. Econ. Res. Serv. (USDA ERS) BIO-05, 1–32 (2017). www.ers.usda.gov
El-Faroug, M.O., Yan, F., Luo, M., Turkson, R.F.: Spark ignition engine combustion, performance and emission products from Hydrous Ethanol and its blends with gasoline. Energies 9(12), 984 (2016)
Al-Harbi, A.A., Alabduly, A.J., Alkhedhair, A.M., Alqahtani, N.B., Albishi, M.S.: Effect of operation under lean conditions on NOx emissions and fuel consumption fueling an SI engine with hydrous ethanol–gasoline blends enhanced with synthesis gas. Energy 238, 121694 (2022). https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0360544221019423
Rufino, C.H., Gallo, W.L., Ferreira, J.V.: Sci-Hub|Diagnosis of hydrous ethanol combustion in a spark-ignition engine. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part D J. Automobile Eng. 095440702094082 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1177/0954407020940824
Deng, X., Chen, Z., Wang, X., Zhen, H., Xie, R.: Exhaust noise, performance and emission characteristics of spark ignition engine fuelled with pure gasoline and hydrous ethanol gasoline blends. Case Stud. Therm. Eng. 12, 55–63 (2018)
Costa, R.C., Sodré, J.R.: Hydrous ethanol vs. gasoline-ethanol blend: Engine performance and emissions. Fuel 89, 287–293 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2009.06.017
Shirazi, S.A., Abdollahipoor, B., Martinson, J., Reardon, K.F., Windom, B.C.: Physiochemical property characterization of Hydrous and Anhydrous Ethanol blended gasoline. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 57(32), 11239–11245 (2018)
Edeh, I.: Bioethanol production: an overview. In: Bioethanol Technologies (2021)
Bedford, R., Haas, M.: This report contains assessments of commodity and trade issues made by USDA staff and not necessarily statements of official U.S. government policy Report Name: Biofuels Annual Country: Philippines Post: Manila Report Category: Biofuels (2020)
Kapasi, Z.A., Nair, A.R., Sonawane, S., Satpute, S.K.: Biofuel - an alternative source of energy for present and future. J. Adv. Sci. Technol. 13(0971), 105–108 (2010)
Marx, S.: Cassava as feedstock for ethanol production: a global perspective. In: Bioethanol Production from Food Crops, pp. 101–113, January 2019
Valeriano, I.H., Marques, G.L.L., Freitas, S.P., Couri, S., das M. Penha, E., Gonçalves, M.M.M.: Cassava Pulp Enzymatic Hydrolysate as a promising feedstock for ethanol production. Brazilian Arch. Biol. Technol. 61, 1–10 (2018)
Okugbo, C.O., Usunobun, O.T., Adegbegi, U., Okiemien, J.A.: A review of Nipa Palm as a renewable energy source in Nigeria. Res. J. Appl. Sci. Eng. Technol. 4(15), 2367–2371 (2012)
da Maia, J.L., et al.: Microalgae starch: a promising raw material for the bioethanol production. Int. J. Biol. Macromol. 165, 2739–2749 (2020)
Toor, M., et al.: An overview on bioethanol production from lignocellulosic feedstocks. Chemosphere 242, 125080 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125080
Lim, K.M.R.C., et al.: Extraction of Ethanol from Nypa fruticans (Nipa) Palm fruit. Asian J. Phys. Chem. Sci. 8(4), 41–45 (2020)
Romanus, N.O.: Fuel ethanol production from sugarcane and corn: comparative analysis for a Colombian case related papers. Energy 33, 385–399 (2008)
Gatdula, K.M., Demafelis, R.B., Bataller, B.G.: Comparative analysis of bioethanol production from different potential biomass sources in the Philippines. In: Bioethanol Technology, February 2021
Farooq, A., Shabbir, G., Bangviwat, A.: Life cycle cost analysis of ethanol production from sugarcane molasses for gasoline substitution as transportation fuel in Pakistan. J. Sustain. Energy Environ. 11, 49–59 (2020)
Agrupis, S.C., Mateo, N., Birginias, M.C., Lucas, M.P., Madigal, J.P., Abenes, F.: MMSU hydrous bio-ethanol (MMSU95hBE) III: development of adaptable technologies for village-scale bio-ethanol production (2016). l_iii_scagrupis.pdf
Mateo, N.E.R., Agrupis, S.C., Ulep, R.A.: An apparatus for reflux distillation Hydrous Ethanol.pdf, 2–201700028 (2018)
“Ethanol fuel in Brazil - Wikipedia,” Wikipedia (2021). https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethanol_fuel_in_Brazil
Nogueira, L.A.H., Souza, G.M., Cortez, L.A.B., de Brito Cruz, C.H.: Biofuels for transport. In: Future Energy Improved Sustainable Clean Options Our Planet, pp. 173–197, January 2020. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-102886-5.00009-8
Wang, X., Chen, Z., Ni, J., Liu, S., Zhou, H.: The effects of hydrous ethanol gasoline on combustion and emission characteristics of a port injection gasoline engine. Case Stud. Therm. Eng. 6, 147–154 (2015)
Regalado, M.J.C., Belonio, A.T., Villota, K.C., Rafael, M.L., Castillo, P.R.: Design, testing, and evaluation of a Hydrous Bioethanol Distiller for the production of fuel-grade alcohol from Nipa. Appl. Eng. Agric. 34(5), 759–765 (2018)
Matějovský, L., Macák, J., Pospíšil, M., Baroš, P., Staš, M., Krausová, A.: Study of corrosion of metallic materials in ethanol–gasoline blends: application of electrochemical methods. Energy Fuels 31(10), 10880–10889 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.7b01682
Passarini, G.C., Fregoneze, M., Júnior, F.S.: Variable camshaft valve timing and its effects to Hydrous Ethanol (E100) combustion during engine warm up phase. In: SAE Technical Papers, January 2020
Saffy, H.A., Northrop, W., Kittelson, D., Boies, A.M.: Energy, carbon dioxide and water use implications of hydrous ethanol production. Energy Convers. Manag. 105, 900–907 (2015)
Philippine Inc.: “Philippine Mechanical Engineering Code 2008 ed. PSME Inc. Paredes Street, Sampaloc, Manila, Philippines, ISSN 2012-3426, p. 314 (2008)
Acknowledgements
Special thanks to the following who sincerely supported this endeavor: the late President Romulo Kheyeng of FEAC, Ms. Queenie Rojo of EPAP, Engr. Rosemarie Gumera of Sugar Regulatory Administration, Engr. Ruby De Guzman of DOE-REMB, Engr. Jorge Maglasang, Kia Motors, Global City, the late Pamplona Mayor Aaron Sampaga, the municipality of Pamplona, MMSU-NBERIC staffs, UPD-VRTL, Dr. Fiorello Abenes, to our Pamplona community recipients, and to Dr. Blessie Basilia of Mapua University.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Mateo, N.E.R., Ulep, R.A., Lucas, M.P., Agrupis, S.C., Sagadraca, J., Baga, C. (2022). An Overview on the Viability of Hydrous Bioethanol as Gasoline Fuel Blend in the Philippines. In: Le, AT., Pham, VS., Le, MQ., Pham, HL. (eds) The AUN/SEED-Net Joint Regional Conference in Transportation, Energy, and Mechanical Manufacturing Engineering. RCTEMME 2021. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1968-8_24
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1968-8_24
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-19-1967-1
Online ISBN: 978-981-19-1968-8
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)