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Comparative Study on Surface Modification of Titanium for Improving Resistance to Corrosion in Nitric Acid Medium

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A Treatise on Corrosion Science, Engineering and Technology

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Abstract

Titanium (Ti) is used in chemical processing, aerospace industry and nuclear fuel reprocessing applications, as Ti exhibits good resistance to corrosion in wide range of corrosive environments. Titanium exhibits good corrosion resistance in high concentrations of HNO3; however, in hot and pure HNO3 solutions and in vapour condensates of HNO3, Ti exhibits higher corrosion rate. Surface modification was attempted in order to further improve corrosion resistance of Ti in HNO3 medium. Tantalum and niobium exhibit outstanding corrosion resistance in HNO3 over wide range of concentration and temperatures. An indigenously developed Ti-5Ta-1.8Nb alloy exhibited improved corrosion resistance in HNO3 due to the formation of tantalum and niobium-rich passive films. Tantalum- and niobium-based coatings on Ti are therefore considered to enhance the corrosion resistance of Ti in HNO3 environment. A comparative study on coatings deposited by thermochemical diffusion method and argon shrouded plasma spray technique (ASPS) for refractory coatings on titanium was studied. The XRD, SEM, EDS, ASTM A262 Practice-C test and three-phase corrosion test results are compared for the evaluation. The study revealed that Ta2O5 coated and thermally oxidized samples showed good corrosion resistance with reproducibility in comparison with uncoated titanium and Ti-5Ta-1.8Nb alloy in boiling liquid HNO3 medium. Thermal oxidation is envisaged as a viable and economical method to improve corrosion resistance in liquid, vapour and condensate phases of HNO3 for intricate components made of titanium. Tantalum coating deposited on Ti by ASPS technique also showed promising results for application on large components made of titanium.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Corrosion Science and Technology Division, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Kanchipuram, 603102, India

    A. Ravi Shankar & N. S. Karthiselva

  2. Heavy Water Board, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India

    U. Kamachi Mudali

Authors
  1. A. Ravi Shankar
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  2. N. S. Karthiselva
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  3. U. Kamachi Mudali
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Vice Chancellor, VIT Bhopal University, Bhopal, India

    U. Kamachi Mudali

  2. Biofouling and Biofilm Processes Section, Water and Steam Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Kalpakkam, India

    Toleti Subba Rao

  3. Aqueous Corrosion and Protection Section Metallurgy and Materials Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, India

    S. Ningshen

  4. Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India

    Radhakrishna G. Pillai

  5. Surface Modification and Characterization Section, Corrosion Science and Technology Division, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, India

    Rani P. George

  6. Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Madras, Chennai, India

    T. M. Sridhar

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Shankar, A.R., Karthiselva, N.S., Kamachi Mudali, U. (2022). Comparative Study on Surface Modification of Titanium for Improving Resistance to Corrosion in Nitric Acid Medium. In: Kamachi Mudali, U., Subba Rao, T., Ningshen, S., G. Pillai, R., P. George, R., Sridhar, T.M. (eds) A Treatise on Corrosion Science, Engineering and Technology. Indian Institute of Metals Series. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9302-1_5

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