Abstract
India has witnessed shrinking agricultural fields in comparison to yield pressures; hence intensified usage of chemical pesticides was the only solution during Green Revolution. Thus, high concentration of chemicals in the form of fertilizers and pesticides has caused a serious imbalance in environment: toxicity, abiotic stress, decreasing soil fertility, etc. India is the largest manufacturer of generic agrochemicals in the world. Its pesticide market is growing at a substantial rate. Plant- and microorganism-based agriproducts show biocontrol and pesticidal activity, showcasing them as alternatives to replace chemicals from agriculture industry. Nano-formulations and nano-encapsulated agriproducts are new candidates showing enhanced efficacy and target specificity without harming soil fertility. These are nonhazardous and can be employed with integrated pest management (IPM) strategies. The controlled release of biodegradable nano-pesticides is another emerging area which can be exploited further for sustainable agriculture.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Abbreviations
- BIS:
-
Bureau of Indian Standards
- CAGR:
-
Compound annual growth rate
- CSIR:
-
Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
- DBT:
-
Department of Biotechnology
- DDT:
-
Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
- DST:
-
Department of Science and Technology
- eNAM:
-
National Agriculture Market
- FAI :
-
The Fertiliser Association of India
- FAO:
-
Food and Agriculture Organization
- FCO:
-
Foreign and Commonwealth Office
- FSSAI:
-
Food Safety and Standards Authority of India
- HIL:
-
Hindustan Insecticides Limited
- ICT:
-
Information technology
- INR:
-
Indian rupee
- IPM:
-
Integrated pest management
- MMT:
-
Million metric tonnes
- MoCF:
-
Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers
- MRL:
-
Maximum residue limit
- MT:
-
Metric tonnes
- NAPs:
-
Nano-agriproducts
- NGO:
-
Nongovernmental organization
- POPs:
-
Persistent organic pollutants
- PPQS:
-
Directorate of Plant Protection, Quarantine, and Storage
- TiO2:
-
Titanium dioxide
- UP:
-
Uttar Pradesh
- WHO:
-
World Health Organization
References
Al-Samarrai AM (2012) Nanoparticles as alternative to pesticides in management plant diseases—a review. Int J Sci Res Publ 2(4):261–264
Ashraf MA, Yusoff I, Yusof I, Alias Y (2013) Study of contaminant transport at an open tipping waste disposal site. Environ Sci Pollut Res 20(7):4689–4710
Becher PG, Jensen RE, Natsopoulou ME, Verschut V, Henrik H (2018) Infection of Drosophila suzukii with the obligate insect-pathogenic fungus Entomophthora muscae. J Pest Sci 91:781–787
Chintale KN, Oatne SV, Chavan SS (2016) Clinical profile of organophosphorus poisoning patients at rural tertiary health care centre. Int J Adv Med 3(2):268–274
Costa JAV, Freitas BCB, Cruz CG, Silveira J, Morais MG (2019) Potential of microalgae as biopesticides to contribute to sustainable agriculture and environmental development. J Environ Sci Health Part B 54(5):366–375
Crampton L (2017) Biological vs. chemical pest control: benefits and disadvantages. https://owlcation.com/agriculture/Biological-vs-Chemical-Pest-Control. Accessed 19 Sep 2018
DBT, Department of Biotechnology (2019) Guidelines for evaluation of nano-agriinput products and nano-agriproducts in India. Department of Biotechnology, Ministry of Sci & Technol Govt of India. http://dbtindia.gov.in/sites/default/files/DBT_Draft1-Nano-Agri_Input_nd_Nano-Agri_Products.pdf. Accessed 12 Jul 2019
Devi PI, Thomas J, Raju RK (2017) Pesticide consumption in India: a spatiotemporal analysis. Agri Eco Res Rev 30(1):163–172
Duke SO, Kudsk P, Solomon KR (eds) (2017) Pesticide dose: effects on the environment and target and non-target organisms. American Chemical Society, Washington, DC
FAI (2018) Fertilizer Association of India, Govt. of India. https://www. faidelhi.org/statistics/statistics-reports. Accessed 12 Jun 2020
FAO (2015) Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, International code of conduct on the distribution and use of pesticides. FAO, Rome
Fareed M, Pathak MK, Bihari V, Kamal R, Srivastava AK, Kesavachandran CN (2013) Adverse respiratory health and hematological alterations among agricultural workers occupationally exposed to organophosphate pesticides: a cross-sectional study in North India. PLoS One 8(7):e69755. https://doi.org/10.1371/annotation/b7bc0625-6200-4433-9971-f4e571203432
Gawas RU, Anand S, Ghosh BK, Shivbhagwan P, Choudhary K, Ghosh NN, Banerjee M, Chatterjee A (2018) Development of a water-dispersible SBA-15-benzothiazole-derived fluorescence nanosensor by physisorption and its use in organic-solvent-free detection of perborate and hydrazine. Chem Select 3(38):10585–10592. https://doi.org/10.1002/slct.2018023283
Gopalan NK, Chenicherry S (2018) Fate and distribution of organochlorine insecticides (OCIs) in Palakkad soil, India. Sustain Environ Res 28(4):179–185. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.serj.2018.01.007
Gupta S, Dikshit AK (2010) Biopesticides: an ecofriendly approach for pest control. J Biopest 3(Special Issue):186
Gupta V, Ratha SK, Sood A, Chaudhary V, Prasanna R (2013) New insights into the biodiversity and applications of cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) prospects and challenges. Algal Res 2:79–97
Haase S, Sciocco-Cap A, Romanowski V (2015) Baculovirus insecticides in Latin America: historical overview, current status and future perspectives. Viruses 7:2230–2267
Jacob S, Resmi G (2015) Study and prediction of persistent organochlorine and organophosphorous pesticide residue in soils of cardamom plantations in Idukki district (India). IOSR J Environ Sci Toxicol Food Technol 9:1–7
Jain A, Das S (2021) Regulatory requirements for nanopesticides and nanofertilizers. In: Advances in nano-fertilizers and nano-pesticides in agriculture. Woodhead Publishing, pp 145–152. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-820092-6.00006-9
Jayaraj R, Megha P, Sreedev P (2016) Organochlorine pesticides, their toxic effects on living organisms and their fate in the environment. Interdiscip Toxicol 9(3–4):90. https://doi.org/10.1515/intox-2016-0012
Jerobin J, Sureshkumar RS, Anjali CH, Mukherjee A, Chandrasekaran N (2012) Biodegradable polymer based encapsulation of neem oil nanoemulsion for controlled release of Aza-A. Carbohydr Polym 90(4):1750–1756
Kamaraj C, Gandhi PR, Elango G, Karthi S, Chung IM, Rajakumar G (2018) Novel and environmental friendly approach; impact of neem (Azadirachta indica) gum nano formulation (NGNF) on Helicoverpa armigera (Hub.) and Spodoptera litura (Fab.). Int J Biol Macromol 107:59–69
Keswani C, Dilnashin H, Birla H, Singh SP (2019) Regulatory barriers to agricultural research commercialization: a case study of biopesticides in India. Rhizosphere 11:100155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rhisph.2019.100155
Kim KH, Kabir E, Jahan SA (2017) Exposure to pesticides and the associated human health effects. Sci Total Environ 575:525–535. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.09.009
Koul O (2016) The handbook of naturally occurring insecticidal toxins. CAB International, Wallingford, p 850
Krishna A, Naik G (2020) Addressing crisis in Indian agriculture through agricultural information delivery. IIMB Manage Rev 32(2):217–229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iimb.2020.09.004
Kumar S, Sharma AK, Rawat SS, Jain DK, Ghosh S (2013) Use of pesticides in agriculture and livestock animals and its impact on environment of India. Asian J Environ Sci 8(1):51–57
Kumarasamy P, Govindaraj S, Vignesh S, Rajendran RB, James RA (2012) Anthropogenic nexus on organochlorine pesticide pollution: a case study with Tamiraparani river basin. South India Environ Monitor Assess 184(6):3861–3873. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-011-2229-x
Lade BD, Gogle DP, Lade DB, Moon GM, Nandeshwar SB, Kumbhare SD (2019) Nanobiopesticide formulations: application strategies today and future perspectives. In: Nano-biopesticides today and future perspectives. Academic Press, New York, pp 179–206. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-815829-6.00007-3
Lari SZ, Khan NA, Gandhi KN, Meshram TS, Thacker NP (2014) Comparison of pesticide residues in surface water and ground water of agriculture intensive areas. J Environ Health Sci Eng 12(1):1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/2052-336X-12-11
Mahmood I, Imadi SR, Shazadi K, Gul A, Hakeem KR (2016) Effects of pesticides on environment. In: Plant, soil and microbes. Springer, Cham, pp 253–269
Manjunatha SB, Biradar DP, Aladakatti YR (2016) Nanotechnology and its applications in agriculture: a review. J Farm Sci 29(1):1–13
Maurya PK, Malik DS (2016) Accumulation and distribution of organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticide residues in water, sediments and fishes, Heteropneustis fossilis and Puntius ticto from Kali River, India. J Toxicol Environ Health Sci 8(5):30–40. https://doi.org/10.5897/jtehs2016.0367
Meena RK, Mishra P (2020) Bio-pesticides for agriculture and environment sustainability. In: Resources use efficiency in agriculture. Springer, Singapore, pp 85–107
Mesnage R, Defarge N, Spiroux de Vendômois J, Séralini GE (2014) Major pesticides are more toxic to human cells than their declared active principles. Bio Med Res Int 2014:179691. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/179691
Mishra J, Dutta V, Arora NK (2020) Biopesticides in India: technology and sustainability linkages. 3. Biotech 10(5):1–12. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-020-02192-7
Mittal S, Kaur G, Vishwakarma GS (2014) Effects of environmental pesticides on the health of rural communities in the Malwa Region of Punjab, India: a review. Hum Ecol Risk Assess 20(2):366–387. https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2013.788972
Mnif I, Ghribi D (2015) Potential of bacterial derived biopesticides in pest management. Crop Prot 77:52–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cropro.2015.07.017
MoCF (2020) Annual report-2020-21, Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers Department of Chemicals and Petrochemicals, Government of India. https://chemicals.nic.in/sites/default/files/English%20Annual%20Report%20date%2024-2-2020........pdf
MoCF (2021) Annual report-2020-21, Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers Department of Chemicals and Petrochemicals, Govt of India. https://chemicals.nic.in/sites/default/files/Annual_Report_2021.pdf. Accessed 1 Jul 2021
Pandey S, Joshi N, Kumar M (2020) Agrochemicals and human well-being: a review in context of Indian agriculture. Int J Chem Stud 8(1):1539–1543. https://doi.org/10.22271/chemi.2020.v8.i1v.8477
Pathak DV, Yadav R, Kumar M (2017) Microbial pesticides: development, prospects and popularization in India. In: Singh D, Singh H, Prabha R (eds) Plant-microbe interactions in agro-ecological perspectives. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6593-4_18
Pimentel D, Burgess M (2012) Small amounts of pesticides reaching target insects. Environ Dev Sustain 14:1–2
PPQS (2021) Statistical database. Directorate of Plant, Protection, Quarantine and storage, Government of India. http://ppqs.gov.in/statistical-database. Accessed 13 Jun 2021
Pujeri US, Kumbar MI, Pujar AS, Hiremath SC, Yadave MS (2011) Analysis of pesticide residue in Kummatagi, Baratagi and Katral lakes of Bijapur, Karnataka. J Pharm Biomed Sci 6(7):1–4
Raghuvanshi D (2017) Assessment of pesticides concentration in water and sediment and its accumulation in primary producers of river Ganga from Kanpur to Varanasi. http://hdl.handle.net/10603/125436. Accessed 15 Oct 2018
Rani M, Shanker U, Jassal V (2017) Recent strategies for removal and degradation of persistent & toxic organochlorine pesticides using nanoparticles: a review. J Environ Manag 190:208–222. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.12.068
Roberts JR, Reigart JR (2013) Organophosphates. In: Recognition and management of pesticide poisonings, 6th edn. United States Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pesticide Programmes, Washington, DC, pp 43–55. http://www2.epa.gov/pesticide-worker-safety
Sahodaran NK, Ray JG (2018) Heavy metal contamination in “chemicalized” green revolution banana fields in southern India. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25:26874–26886. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-2729-0
Sánchez-Bayo F (2012) Insecticides mode of action in relation to their toxicity to non-target organisms. J Environ Anal Toxicol S4:2. https://doi.org/10.4172/2161-0525.S4-002
Schreinemachers P, Afari-Sefa V, Heng CH, Dung PTM, Praneetvatakul S, Srinivasan R (2015) Environmental science and policy safe and sustainable crop protection in Southeast Asia: status, challenges and policy options. Environ Sci Policy 54:357–366
Shiva Prasad K, Shruthi G, Shivamallu C (2018) Functionalized silver nano-sensor for colorimetric detection of Hg2+ ions: facile synthesis and docking studies. Sensors 18(8):2698
Singh HB, Sarma BK, Keswani C (2016) Agriculturally important microorganisms: commercialization and regulatory requirements in Asia. Springer-Nature, Singapore, p 305. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2576-1
Sowmyya T, Vijaya Lakshmi G (2018) Soymida febrifuga aqueous root extract maneuvered silver nanoparticles as mercury nanosensor and potential microbicide. World Sci News 114:84–105
Subash SP, Chand P, Pavithra S, Balaji SJ, Pal S (2018) Pesticide use in Indian agriculture: trends, market structure and policy issues. Technical report. Policy Brief, New Delhi
Vaishanav SK, Korram J, Pradhan P, Chandraker K, Nagwanshi R, Ghosh KK, Satnami ML (2017) Green luminescent CdTe quantum dot based fluorescence nano-sensor for sensitive detection of arsenic (III). J Fluorescence 27(3):781–789
Yadav S, Anand S (2019) Green revolution and food security in India: a review. Nat Geogr J India 65(3):312–323
Yadav IC, Devi NL, Syed JH, Cheng Z, Li J, Zhang G, Jones KC (2015) Current status of persistent organic pesticides residues in air, water, and soil, and their possible effect on neighboring countries: a comprehensive review of India. Sci Total Environ 511:123–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.12.041
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Mishra, P., Patni, V. (2022). Pesticides: Indian Scenario on Environmental Concerns and Future Alternatives. In: Arora, S., Kumar, A., Ogita, S., Yau, Y.Y. (eds) Biotechnological Innovations for Environmental Bioremediation. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9001-3_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9001-3_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-16-9000-6
Online ISBN: 978-981-16-9001-3
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)