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Potential and Challenges of Using Biodiesel in a Compression Ignition Engine

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Potential and Challenges of Low Carbon Fuels for Sustainable Transport

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Abstract

Alternative green fuels play a vital role in meeting the energy demand. Biodiesel has been recognized as a sustainable low-carbon alternative fuel for diesel engines. This chapter reviews the potential and various challenges associated with the use of biodiesel as a fuel in a compression ignition engine. The chapter further reviews various thermo-physical–chemical properties of biodiesel and their significant effects on combustion characteristics like cylinder pressure, rate of pressure rise, mean gas temperature, and engine performance parameters including Brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE), and Brake power (BP). Moreover, engine emissions and various emission control techniques i.e. blending of fuels, hardware modifications in engines are thoroughly reviewed. The literature reports the use of different refined oils and feedstocks to produce biodiesel utilizing different methods e.g., pyrolysis, wet washing, blending or direct use, transesterification, and microemulsions. But still, considerable efforts are needed for the commercialization of biodiesels due to their properties of higher viscosity, corrosivity, and less stable nature. So, the present work concludes with an optimized approach to consider the potentiate biodiesel as a fuel in CI engines.

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Abbreviations

BP:

Brake power

BMEP:

Brake mean effective pressure

BSFC:

Brake specific fuel consumption

BTE:

Brake thermal efficiency

Bx:

Biodiesel proportion in blend

CI:

Compression ignition

CO:

Carbon monoxide

CO2:

Carbon dioxide

CR:

Compression ratio

DI:

Direct injection

EGR:

Exhaust gas recirculation

EGT:

Exhaust gas temperature

HRR:

Heat release rate

ID:

Ignition delay

IMEP:

Indicated mean effective pressure

IT:

Injection timing

IP:

Injection pressure

NOx:

Oxides of nitrogen

SCR:

Selective catalytic reduction

UHC:

Unburnt hydrocarbons

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering Roorkee, Roorkee, India

    Akshay Garg & Siddharth Jain

  2. Automotive Fuels and Lubricants Application Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

    Balendra V. S. Chauhan

  3. Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain

    Ajitanshu Vedrantam

  4. Invertis University, Bareilly, India

    Sawan Bharti

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  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India

    Avinash Kumar Agarwal

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, India

    Hardikk Valera

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Garg, A., Chauhan, B.V.S., Vedrantam, A., Jain, S., Bharti, S. (2022). Potential and Challenges of Using Biodiesel in a Compression Ignition Engine. In: Agarwal, A.K., Valera, H. (eds) Potential and Challenges of Low Carbon Fuels for Sustainable Transport. Energy, Environment, and Sustainability. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8414-2_9

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