Abstract
The unpredictable and erratic rainfall characteristic of semi-arid areas often affects the growing season, hence rangeland productivity. Strategic management is therefore necessary for sustainability of extensive livestock production systems in these areas. A seasonal calendar for fodder and feed availability in a semi-arid landscape was synthesized based on a survey and focus group discussion. Point Centred Quarter method was used to identify the browse species in the area. There was a depletion of the grazing resource in the dry season, but an abundance of highly nutritive browse species. Cereal crop residues were also highlighted to predominate during this season. There were general decreases in crude protein (CP), and dry organic matter digestibility (DOMD) from the wet to the dry season, whilst acid detergent fiber (ADF) and dry matter (DM) increased. However, despite the decrease, CP of all browse species was higher than the minimum levels required for maintenance. A significant difference (P < 0.05) in ADF and DOMD was observed among the species during the dry season, but not in CP and DM (P > 0.05). In the wet season, only ADF significantly differed (P = 0.006) among the species. In order to address challenges due to the temporal variations in both quality and quantity of livestock feeds in semi-arid areas, it is proposed to develop a strategic feeding plan based on a wide range of socio-ecological practices; home based rations, and feed improvement techniques. Other veld management, rehabilitation and restoration methods are recommended.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank Malipati leadership for permission to carry out our study in their area. We also extend profound gratitude to Mr. Mutenga of Grasslands Research Institute for laboratory analysis, as well as Mr Moyana and Mr Zimondi for field assistance.
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Mudzengi, C.P., Dahwa, E., Kapembeza, C.S. (2022). A Strategic Livestock Feeding Framework for Semi-Arid Areas. In: Poshiwa, X., Ravindra Chary, G. (eds) Climate Change Adaptations in Dryland Agriculture in Semi-Arid Areas. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7861-5_21
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