Abstract
Hydraulics engineers have always shown keen interest in the investigation of scouring as a phenomenon, which can be attributed to the role that scouring plays in deciding the safety and efficiency of the hydraulic structures. The presence of vertical jets in real life can be felt in ski jump spillways, hydraulic jump-type stilling basins, vertical gates, and the cleaning of reservoirs for sediments. In the present study, an attempt is made to present a detailed review of the up-to-date work on scouring due to a vertical jet. It includes the variation in the scour depth under the dynamic and static conditions of the submerged and non-submerged state, factors responsible for the effect produced under a jet, and a comparison of parameters used by various researchers. A lot of work has been conducted to assess the effect of various functional parameters, namely the type, size and diameter of sediment, impinging height, velocity, and diameter of the jet, etc., on scour characteristics. Relatively lesser attention has been given to the impinging angle of the jet and the shape of the nozzle of jet. The inferences drawn from the review of the quantum of work done on the scouring due to a vertical jet have proved helpful in the understanding of the phenomenon of scour.
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Abbreviations
- E c :
-
Erosion parameter for circular jets
- D :
-
Median size of sediment
- T :
-
Experimental run-time
- T m :
-
Mean average value of T
- V :
-
Velocity of the falling jet
- H :
-
Impinging height of the jet
- Hʹ:
-
Depth of scouring
- d :
-
Nozzle diameter of the jet
- y m :
-
Maximum or equilibrium scour depth
- Fo:
-
Densimetric Froude number
- g :
-
Acceleration due to gravity
- ρ :
-
Mass density of fluid
- ∆ρ:
-
Difference between mass densities of bed material and fluid
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Acknowledgements
First, the author would like to convey grateful thanks to Mr. Rahul Malik (PhD Scholar) for his constant support and guidance all through the preparation of the manuscript.
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Yadav, L., Setia, B. (2023). Scouring Due to a Vertical Jet: A Review of Parameters. In: Bhattacharjya, R.K., Talukdar, B., Katsifarakis, K.L. (eds) Sustainable Water Resources Management. Advances in Sustainability Science and Technology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7535-5_16
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