Abstract
Quantification of spatio-temporal distribution of natural groundwater recharge with respect to different geohydrological settings is important for efficient management of this resource. Based on secondary data the present work intends to study the spatial pattern of groundwater level and natural groundwater recharge by using the soil moisture balance approach in five selected Community Development Blocks of Barddhaman district, West Bengal with different geohydrological settings. It also documents groundwater depletion, resultant changes in irrigation technology and adaptation approaches taken by farmers to minimise groundwater exhaustion based on primary data collected from two ‘semi-critical’ blocks and 22 villages. It has been found that rainfall in monsoon period is the key factor for the recharge of groundwater and the amount of annual recharge varies from 10 to 20% except in Jamuria. Deepening of bore well due to groundwater depletion started in 1980s and still continuing. Temporal pattern of change to submersible pump from centrifugal one represents a S-shaped curve. Water saving methods are limited within a very small part of the total operational holding. Promotion of water saving technologies and practices may reduce groundwater depletion and improve access to the small holders.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Alam M, Alam MM, Curray JR, Chowdhury MLR, Gani MR (2003) An overview of the sedimentary geology of the Bengal Basin in relation to the regional tectonic framework and basinfill history. Sediment Geol 155:179–208
CGWB (2006) Report on ground water resources of West Bengal, based on GEC, 1997, Methodology
Census of India (2011) District census handbook, Barddhaman. Village and Town Directory, West Bengal: Directorate of Census Operations
Central Ground Water Board (2008) Ground water year book, 2007–08, of West Bengal, Central Ground Water Board, Eastern Region
Central Ground Water Board (2009) Ground water year book, 2008–09, of West Bengal, Central Ground Water Board, Eastern Region
Central Ground Water Board (2010) Ground water year book, 2009–10, of West Bengal, Central Ground Water Board, Eastern Region
Central Ground Water Board (2011) Ground water year book, 2010–11, of West Bengal, Central Ground Water Board, Eastern Region
Central Ground Water Board (2012) Ground water year book, 2011–12, of West Bengal, Central Ground Water Board, Eastern Region
Central Ground Water Board (2013) Ground water year book, 2012–13, of West Bengal, Central Ground Water Board, Eastern Region
Central Ground Water Board (2014) Ground water year book, 2013–14, of West Bengal, Central Ground Water Board, Eastern Region
Central Ground Water Board (2015) Ground water year book, 2014–15, of West Bengal, Central Ground Water Board, Eastern Region
Central Ground Water Board (2016) Ground water year book, 2015–16, of West Bengal, Central Ground Water Board, Eastern Region
Das NG (2010) Statistical method combined edition, vol I & II. Tata McGraw Hill Education Private Limited, New Delhi
FAO (2015) The state of food insecurity in the world-2012. www.fao.org/docrep/016/.../i3027e.pdf, Retrieved on February 2, 2015
GSI (1999) Geology & Mineral Resources of the States of India, Part-I, West Bengal, Geological Survey of India, Miscellaneous Publication No 30, 1999
Geological Quadrangle map 73M and 79A, Geological Survey of India, Kolkata
Ghosh B, Chakma N (2019) Composite indicator of land, water and energy for measuring agricultural sustainability at micro level, Barddhaman District, West Bengal, India. Ecol Ind 102:21–32
Ghosh B, Chakma N (2015) Impacts of rice intensification system on two C. D. blocks of Barddhaman district, West Bengal. Curr Sci 109(2):342–346.
Gleeson T, Wada Y, Bierkens MFP, Van Beek LPH (2012) Water balance of global aquifers revealed by groundwater footprint. Nature 488(7410):197–200
Government of West Bengal (2015) WEB GIS map, accelerated development of minor irrigation project. Retrieved from 2015-06-08 to 2016-02-01, from http://122.176.66.254/GISWEB/map1.htm
Huang H, Han Y, Jia D (2018) Impact of climate change on the blue water footprint of agriculture on a regional scale. Wat Supply 19(1):52–59
Kumar CP (2014) Groundwater data requirement and analysis. Scientific essay, ISBN (Book): 978-3-656-75553-1, GRIN Publishing GmbH, Munich, Germany
Kumar CP, Singh S (2011) Impact of climate change on water resources and national water mission of India. In: Proceedings of national seminar on global warming and its impact on water resources, vol 1, 14 January 2011, Kolkata, pp 1–9
Kumar CP (2012) Climate change and impact on groundwater resources. Int J Eng Sci 1: 43–60
Kumar CP (2003) Estimation of ground water recharge using soil moisture balance approach, national institute of hydrology. Technical Report No TR-142, p 66
Ray A, Shekhar S (2009) Ground water issues and development strategies in West Bengal. Bhujal News 24(1):1–17
Roser M (1962) Diffusion of innovations. The Free Press, New York
Roy AB, Chatterjee A (2015) Tectonic framework and evolutionary history of the Bengal Basin in the Indian subcontinent, current Science, 109, 271–279
Ruston KR, Eilers VHM, Carter RC (2006) Improved soil moisture balance methodology for recharge estimation. J Hydrol 318(1–4):379–399
Sengupta S (1966) Geological and Geophysical studies in the western part of Bengal Basin, India. Am Assoc Pet Geol Bull 50:1001–1017
Silva CSD, Rushton KR (2007) Groundwater recharge estimation using improved soil moisture balance methodology for a tropical climate with distinct dry seasons. Hydrol Sci J 52(5):1051–1067
Singh K (2011) Groundwater depletion in Punjab: measurement and countering strategies. Indian J Agric Econ 66:583–589
Steenbergen FV, Kaisarani AB, Khan NU, Gohar MH (2015) A case of groundwater depletion in Balochistan, Pakistan: enter into void. J Hydrol Reg Stud 4:36–47
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ghosh, B., Chakma, N. (2022). Spatial Pattern of Groundwater Depletion, Its Access and Adaptive Agricultural Strategies in Barddhaman District, West Bengal, India. In: Jana, N.C., Singh, R.B. (eds) Climate, Environment and Disaster in Developing Countries. Advances in Geographical and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6966-8_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6966-8_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-16-6965-1
Online ISBN: 978-981-16-6966-8
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)