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Phonon-Electron-Nuclear Spin Hybrid Systems in an Electromechanical Resonator

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Hybrid Quantum Systems

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Abstract

A recent progress on hybrid systems with a GaAs-based electromechanical resonator is reviewed. Fundamental experimental techniques including fabrication of an electromechanical resonator integrated with a GaAs heterostructure and transport measurements using a cryogenic amplifier are explained. The first topic is on a hybrid system composed of a gate-tunable quantum dot (QD) and quantum point contact (QPC) integrated into a piezoelectricity-based electromechanical resonator. The piezoelectric coupling between them enables us to detect milli-Kelvin phonon states via current flowing through the QD/QPC. Noise analysis based on an equivalent circuit elucidates that the displacement sensitivity is amplifier-limited and the estimated intrinsic sensitivity with a QD transducer potentially reaches the zero-point motion of the resonator. The second topic is on quadrupole-coupling between electrically tunable phonon states in an electromechanical resonator and a nuclear spin ensemble within it. As a consequence of a rapidly oscillating strain induced by a strongly driven mechanical resonator, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) frequency shifts which can be regarded as mechanical analogue of ac-Stark shift known in cavity quantum electrodynamics is observed. This prototype system potentially opens up quantum state engineering for electrons, phonons, and nuclear spins such as coherent coupling between them.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank K. Chida, M. Eto, N. Lambert, I. Mahboob, Y. Matsuzaki, G. J. Milburn, W. J. Munro, R. Okuyama, M. Ono, K. Onomitsu, S. Sasaki, S. Shevchenko, and Y. Tokura for fruitful discussions. The authors acknowledge the financial support from Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas No. JP15H05869.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8563, Japan

    Yuma Okazaki

  2. NTT Basic Research Laboratories, NTT Corporation, 3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi, Kanagawa, 243-0198, Japan

    Hiroshi Yamaguchi

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  1. Yuma Okazaki
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Correspondence to Yuma Okazaki .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Science and Innovation in Spintronics, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan

    Yoshiro Hirayama

  2. Advanced Device Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan

    Koji Ishibashi

  3. Principles of Informatics Research Division, National Institute of Informatics, Tokyo, Japan

    Kae Nemoto

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Okazaki, Y., Yamaguchi, H. (2021). Phonon-Electron-Nuclear Spin Hybrid Systems in an Electromechanical Resonator. In: Hirayama, Y., Ishibashi, K., Nemoto, K. (eds) Hybrid Quantum Systems. Quantum Science and Technology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6679-7_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6679-7_11

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