Skip to main content

Sizing Up “Media Twitter”: Exploring Population Extent, Beats, and Utility of Social Media

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Communication and Smart Technologies (ICOMTA 2021)

Part of the book series: Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies ((SIST,volume 259))

Included in the following conference series:

  • 1127 Accesses

Abstract

This mixed-methods study explores which types of journalists are on social media and what forms of knowledge-related utility they find there for their practice. We leverage computational techniques to identify more than 166,000 journalist profiles, in English, on Twitter and to examine their beats, follower counts, and volume of activity. We pair this with findings from an original 2019 survey with policy-oriented journalists (N = 450) who work on a variety of beats. Two-thirds of journalists believe social media tools help them frequently in their reporting work across many dimensions. Regression analysis finds significant associations with the technology and international affairs beats, as well as among younger journalists and those with a national audience. Our Twitter analysis, based on a dataset of 2.5 billion tweets collected in mid-2020, finds that the beats of politics, international affairs, and technology see the highest relative number of journalists on Twitter. The findings furnish a descriptive, quantitative picture of “Media Twitter” and speak to questions about social media’s place in journalism.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 219.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 279.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 279.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Bell, E, et al.: The Platform Press: How Silicon Valley Reengineered Journalism. Tow Center for Digital Journalism (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Bentivegna, S., Marchetti, R.: Journalists at a crossroads: are traditional norms and practices challenged by twitter? Journal. Theory Pract. Crit. 19(2), 270–290 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Benton, J.: The Fired New Yorker Writer Who Helped Birth Media Twitter Has Died (and I’m Sure He’d Apologize if He Could). Nieman Journalism Lab (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Bobkowski, P.: Sharing the news: effects of informational utility and opinion leadership on online news sharing. Journal. Mass Commun. Q. 92(2), 320–345 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Bodrunova, S., Litvinenko, A., Ivan, B.: Please follow us: media roles in twitter discussions in the United States, Germany, France, and Russia. Journal. Pract. 12(2), 177–203 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Brems, C., Temmerman, M., Graham, T., Broersmab, M.: Personal branding on twitter. Digit. Journal. 5(4), 443–459 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Dianati, N.: Unwinding the hairball graph: pruning algorithms for weighted complex networks. Phys. Rev. E 93(1), 012304 (2016)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  8. Dixon, P., Ellison, A., Nicholas, G.: Improving the precision of estimates of the frequency of rare events. Ecology 86(5), 1114–1123 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Du, Y., Masood, M.A., Joseph, K.: Understanding visual memes: an empirical analysis of text superimposed on memes shared on twitter. In: Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, vol. 14, pp. 153–164 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Dubois, E., Gruzd, A., Jacobson, J.: Journalists’ use of social media to infer public opinion: the citizens’ perspective. Soc. Sci. Comput. Rev. 38(1), 57–74 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Fletcher, R., Schifferes, S., Thurman, N.: Building the ‘truthmeter’: training algorithms to help journalists assess the credibility of social media sources. Convergence 26(1), 19–34 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. García-Perdomo, V.: Colombian journalists on twitter: opinions, gatekeeping, and transparency in political coverage. Int. J. Commun. 11(2017), 1574–1596 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Godler, Y., Reich, Z., Miller, B.: Social epistemology as a new paradigm for journalism and media studies. New Media Soc. 22(2), 213–229 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Grinberg, N., Joseph, K., Friedland, L., Swire-Thompson, B., Lazer, D.: Fake news on twitter during the 2016 US presidential election. Science 363(6425), 374–378 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Hanitzsch, T., Vos, T.: Journalism beyond democracy: a new look into journalistic roles in political and everyday life. Journalism 19(2), 146–164 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Henríquez-Coronel, P., Roca Guapacasa, G., Valecillos, C.: Engagement strategies of influential journalists on twitter Ecuador. In: 2020 15th Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI) (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Jones, J.: Americans Endorse Reporter-Audience Social Media Interaction. Gallup Blog (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Jukowitz, M., Mitchell, A., Shearer, E., Walker, M.: U.S. media polarization and the 2020 election: a nation divided deep partisan divisions exist in the news sources Americans trust, distrust and rely on. Pew Research Center (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Lewis, S., Molyneux, L.: A decade of research on social media and journalism: assumptions, blind spots, and a way forward. Media Commun. 6(4), 11–23 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Lieberman, M.: A growing group of journalists has cut back on twitter, or abandoned it entirely. Poynter (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  21. McGregor, S.: Social media as public opinion: how journalists use social media to represent public opinion. Journalism 20(8), 1070–1086 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. McGregor, S.C., Molyneux, L.: Twitter’s influence on news judgment: an experiment among journalists. Journalism 21(5), 597–613 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Molyneux, L., Lewis, S.C., Holton, A.E.: Media work, identity, and the motivations that shape branding practices among journalists: an explanatory framework. New Media Soc. 21(4), 836–855 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Neuberger, C., Nuernbergk, C., Langenohl, S.: Journalism as multichannel communication: a newsroom survey on the multiple uses of social media. Journal. Stud. 20(9), 1260–1280 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Persily, N., Tucker, J.: Social Media and Democracy: The State of the Field, Prospects for Reform. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2020)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  26. Reich, Z., Lahav, H.: What on earth do journalists know? A new model of knowledge brokers’ expertise. Commun. Theory 31, 1–20 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Reich, Z.: The impact of technology on news reporting: a longitudinal perspective. Journal. Mass Commun. Q. 90(3), 417–434 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Santana, A., Hopp, T.: Tapping into a new stream of (personal) data: assessing journalists’ different use of social media. Journal. Mass Commun. Q. 93(2), 383–408 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Shugars, S., et al.: Pandemics, protests, and publics: demographic activity and engagement on twitter in 2020. J. Quant. Descr. Digit. Media 1 (2021)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Statista: Number of monthly active Twitter users worldwide from 1st quarter 2010 to 1st quarter 2019. https://www.statista.com/statistics/282087/number-of-monthly-active-twitter-users/. Accessed 13 Oct 2020

  31. Tandoc, E., Jr., Vos, T.: The journalist is marketing the news: social media in the gatekeeping process. Journal. Pract. 10(8), 950–966 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  32. Usher, N., Holcomb, J., Littman, J.: Twitter makes it worse: political journalists, gendered echo chambers, and the amplification of gender bias. Int. J. Press/Polit. 23(3), 324–344 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Vu, H., Le, T., Nguyen, H.: Routinizing facebook: how journalists’ role conceptions influence their social media use for professional purposes in a socialist-communist country. Digit. Journal. 1–19 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  34. Weaver, D., Willnat, L.: Changes in US journalism: how do journalists think about social media? Journal. Pract. 10(7), 844–855 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Willnat, L., Weaver, D.: The American Journalist in the Digital Age: Key Findings. Indiana University, Bloomington (2014). http://news.indiana.edu/releases/iu/2014/05/2013-american-journalist-key-findings.pdf

  36. Willnat, L., Weaver, D.: Social media and US journalists: uses and perceived effects on perceived norms and values. Digit. Journal. 6(7), 889–909 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

  37. Weaver, D., Wilhoit, C.: The American Journalist: A Portrait of U.S. News People and Their Work. Indiana University Press, Bloomington (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Wihbey, J.P.: The Social Fact: News and Knowledge in a Networked World. MIT Press, Cambridge (2019)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  39. Wihbey, J., Joseph, K., Lazer, D.: The social silos of journalism? Twitter, news media and partisan segregation. New Media Soc. 21(4), 815–835 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Wood-Doughty, Z., Xu, P., Liu, X., Dredze. M.: Using noisy self-reports to predict twitter user demographics. arXiv:2005.00635 (2020)

  41. Zeng, L., Dailey, D., Mohamed, O., Starbird, K., Spiro, E.: Detecting journalism in the age of social media: three experiments in classifying journalists on twitter. In: Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, vol. 13, pp. 548–559 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to John P. Wihbey .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Wihbey, J.P., Joseph, K., Reyes, D.R. (2022). Sizing Up “Media Twitter”: Exploring Population Extent, Beats, and Utility of Social Media. In: Rocha, Á., Barredo, D., López-López, P.C., Puentes-Rivera, I. (eds) Communication and Smart Technologies. ICOMTA 2021. Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, vol 259. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5792-4_54

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics