Abstract
Although Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is predominantly a respiratory illness, it can affect all organ systems directly or indirectly. The plethora of published information regarding SARS-CoV-2 infection focused initially on general clinical presentations with less attention on specific organ systems involved. However, the extent and specific involvement of the nervous system are now being appreciated with newer studies confirming the sparse earlier findings. Short-term and long-term nervous system complications of recovered and recovering COVID-19 patients can be broadly classified into neurological, neuropsychiatric, and stroke-related manifestations. Here, we critically reviewed the emerging literature on these aspects, where the direct invasion of the virus into the nervous system and/or an aberrant host immune response have been implicated as the predominant mechanisms. However, recognition and further understanding of the extent and severity of nervous system involvement may lead to improved clinical outcomes in the near future.
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Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the research grants R01 HL144125 and R01HL147662 to DKA from the National Institutes of Health, USA. The contents of this article are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.
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All authors have read the policy on disclosure of potential conflicts of interest. Author E (DKA) has received grants from the National Institutes of Health, USA. Author A (SKN), author B (VR), author C (HS), and author D (VP) have no relevant affiliations or financial or non-financial involvement with any organization or entity with financial or non-financial interest or conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. All authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. No writing assistance was utilized in the production of this manuscript.
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Nooti, S.K., Rai, V., Singh, H., Potluri, V., Agrawal, D.K. (2021). Strokes, Neurological, and Neuropsychiatric Disorders in COVID-19. In: Sobti, R.C., Dhalla, N.S., Watanabe, M., Sobti, A. (eds) Delineating Health and Health System: Mechanistic Insights into Covid 19 Complications. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-5105-2_12
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