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Technologies for Advanced X-Ray Mirror Fabrication

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Handbook of X-ray and Gamma-ray Astrophysics

Abstract

X-ray mirror fabrication for astronomy is challenging; this is due to the Wolter I optical geometry and the tight tolerances on roughness and form error to enable accurate and efficient X-ray reflection. The performance of an X-ray mirror, and ultimately that of the telescope, is linked to the processes and technologies used to create it. The goal of this chapter is to provide the reader with an overview of the different technologies and processes used to create the mirrors for X-ray telescopes. The objective is to present this diverse field in the framework of the manufacturing methodologies (subtractive, formative, fabricative, & additive) and how these methodologies influence the telescope attributes (angular resolution and effective area). The emphasis is placed upon processes and technologies employed in recent X-ray space telescopes and those that are being actively investigated for future missions such as Athena and concepts such as Lynx. Speculative processes and technologies relating to Industry 4.0 are introduced to imagine how X-ray mirror fabrication may develop in the future.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. STFC UK Astronomy Technology Centre, Edinburgh, UK

    Carolyn Atkins

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  1. Carolyn Atkins
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Correspondence to Carolyn Atkins .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, China

    Cosimo Bambi

  2. Inst. for Astronomy & Astrophysics, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany

    Andrea Santangelo

Section Editor information

  1. NASA - Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama, USA

    Jessica Gaskin

  2. Brera Astronomical Observatory, INAF - Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Milan, Italy

    Daniele Spiga

  3. Astronomical Institute/CAS, Czechia, Czech Republic

    René Hudec

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Atkins, C. (2022). Technologies for Advanced X-Ray Mirror Fabrication. In: Bambi, C., Santangelo, A. (eds) Handbook of X-ray and Gamma-ray Astrophysics. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4544-0_11-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4544-0_11-1

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