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Dynamic Interactions Between Stem Cells and Biomaterials

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Engineering Materials for Stem Cell Regeneration

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Abstract

The cellular microenvironment has been known to direct the cell behaviour through biochemical and mechanical signalling. Different biomaterials have been fabricated to study the impact of biophysical cues on proliferation and stem cell differentiation in vitro. Stem cells have immense promise in regenerative medicine. Therefore, there is a pressing need to understand the interdependency of biophysical signals and biochemical signals in regulating stem cell potency and differentiation. In this chapter, we explore the different types of biomaterials commonly used for studying mechanobiology in stem cells and highlight the primary mechanism and pathways behind extracellular matrix (ECM)-mediated cellular response. Furthermore, we discuss how the understanding of stem cell mechanobiology influences the fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. We also touch upon the importance of mechanobiology in cancer. In short, we have tried to convey to our readers that although current expansion and differentiation methods use biochemical molecules alone, it is crucial to understand that biophysical cues from the stem cell microenvironment can also regulate the proliferation and differentiation of stem cells.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Sunandan Divatia School of Science, SVKM’s NMIMS (Deemed to-be) University, Mumbai, India

    Jasmeet Kaur Virdi

  2. Symbiosis Centre for Stem Cell Research (SCSCR), Symbiosis International University, Pune, India

    Prasad Pethe

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Correspondence to Prasad Pethe .

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  1. Department of Nanotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India

    Faheem A. Sheikh

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Virdi, J.K., Pethe, P. (2021). Dynamic Interactions Between Stem Cells and Biomaterials. In: Sheikh, F.A. (eds) Engineering Materials for Stem Cell Regeneration. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4420-7_15

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