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Morphometric Analysis for the Morphogenesis of the Craniofacial Structures and the Evolution of the Nasal Protrusion in Humans

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Multidisciplinary Computational Anatomy

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Abstract

The facial morphology of humans, which is very complicated in three dimensions, is closely related to various functions, such as support of the brain and the eyeball and formation of the mastication apparatus and respiratory system. Such a complicated shape is acquired by mid-fetal life. The early stage of this developmental process, the embryonic stage, is closely related to many congenital anomalies. Various studies have been conducted on the morphogenesis of the face during this period. However, specimens in the late stage of facial morphogenesis, the early fetal period, are too large to be sectioned for the histological analysis and have been difficult to study using traditional medical imaging modalities, such as X-rays, because the facial skeleton has not been calcified. The development of medical imaging modalities has allowed us to obtain high-definition images of these early fetal facial skeletons. In addition, geometric morphometrics have enabled us to perform three-dimensional morphological analyses and visualize the growth trait in the early fetal life.

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Acknowledgments

I acknowledge the contribution of collaborating obstetricians and the members of the Congenital Anomaly Research Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine. I would like to express our deepest gratitude to Akinobu Shimizu and Atsushi Saito from Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology for their suggestions and technical support in the preparation of warping the images.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan

    Motoki Katsube

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  1. Motoki Katsube
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Correspondence to Motoki Katsube .

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  1. Professor Emeritus, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

    Makoto Hashizume

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Katsube, M. (2022). Morphometric Analysis for the Morphogenesis of the Craniofacial Structures and the Evolution of the Nasal Protrusion in Humans. In: Hashizume, M. (eds) Multidisciplinary Computational Anatomy. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4325-5_32

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4325-5_32

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