Comparative Analysis of the Dispersion Parameters of a Microstrip Antenna for the 57–64, 64–71 and 71–76 GHz Bands

Abstract

This article details the design and simulation of rectangular patch-type microstrip antennas that operate in millimeter wave band. Three resonance frequencies are used: 60, 67 and 74 GHz. The simulation was made in Ansys HFSS software to achieve the results of reflection coefficient ($S_{{11}}$), voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) and radiation pattern. The modeling of each antenna was made with the mathematical expressions that define a microstrip antenna. First, three antennas were created using only the dimensions obtained with mathematical calculus, but the results of $S_{{11}}$ and VSWR were not optimal (for example: VSWR was <1 in each case). For this reason, in each model, it was necessary to make changes to all parameters, achieving a reflection coefficient in values between −20 and −30 dB, a VSWR between 1 and 2, and establishing the characteristics of each gap for each dimension of the antennas designed mathematically versus antennas designed with adjustment factors. Results indicate that there is a proportional and not proportional correlation between the frequency and these gaps, which denotes a real difference in the behavior of each parameter in the mathematical designs versus the fitted designs.