Abstract
MANETs provide important and easy communication in areas where permanent networking infrastructure is not feasible. Since the routes are decided only by the continuous and randomly moving nodes, maintaining link stability is difficult. Most existing routing protocols in MANETs utilize smallest hop-counts for link selection. The choice of node with smallest hop count may end up in choosing nodes with either (i) less energy, resulting in futile link that cannot last up to entire data transfer or (ii) mobility patterns which result in link failures. Link failures would result in loss of data and energy and thus causes delays. This paper presents a brief review of various parameters that influence proper node selection on a route for providing stable ink. The findings of the literature review indicate that cumulative effects of parameters such as node energy, velocity, and density influence link stability. The paper concludes with a mathematical illustration which further validates the findings of literature review.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Al-Hemyari A, Ismail M, Hassan R Saeed S (2013) Improving link stability of multicasting routing protocol in manets. J Theoret Appl Inform Technol 55(1)
Jahir Y, Atiquzzaman M, Refai H, Paranjothi A, LoPresti PG (2019) Routing protocols and architecture for disaster area network: a survey. Ad Hoc Netw 82:1–14
Aruna R, Subramanian R, Sengottuvelan P, Shanthini J (2019) Optimized energy efficient route assigning method using related node discovery algorithm in MANET. Clust Comput 22(1):469–479
Zhang M, Yang M, Wu Q, Zheng R, Zhu J (2018) Smart perception and autonomic optimization: a novel bio-inspired hybrid routing protocol for MANETs. Future Gen Comput Syst 81:505–513
Nedumaran A, Jeyalakshmi V, Sivanesan P (2018) EDM: a novel route discovery scheme for QoS aware MANETS. Int J Pur Appl. Mathe 119:2493–2498
Robert NR, Pitchai CN (2020) PSA-MP: path selection Algorithm for MANET depends on mobility prediction to enhance link stability. J Phys Conf Ser 1712(1):012003 IOP Publishing
Singal G, Laxmi V, Gaur MS, Rao V (2017) Moralism: mobility prediction with link stability-based multicast routing protocol in MANETs. Wireless Netw 23(3):663–679
Vyas K, Khunteta A, Chaturvedi A (2019) Efficient routing in multicast mesh by using forwarding nodes and weighted cost function. KSII Trans Int Inform Syst 13(12):5928–5947. https://doi.org/10.3837/tiis.2019.12.008
Gerharz M, De Waal C, Frank M, Martini P (2002) Link stability in mobile wireless ad hoc networks. In: Proceedings Local computer networks LCN 27th annual IEEE conference, IEEE, pp 30–39
Moh S, Yu C, Lee B, Youn HY (2002) Energy efficient and robust multicast protocol for mobile ad hoc networks. In: Proceedings. 2002 Pacific Rim international symposium on dependable computing, IEEE, pp 145–152
Adhvaryu KU, Kamboj P (2013) Survey of various energy efficient multicast routing protocols for MANET. Energy 7(8):20
Wang NC (2012) Power-aware dual-tree-based multicast routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks. IET Commun 6(7):724–732
Yao Y, Cao Q, Vasilakos AV (2015) EDAL: an energy-efficient, delay-aware, and lifetime-balancing data collection protocol for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. IEEE/ACM Trans Netw (TON) 23(3):810–823
Cheng M X, Sun J, Min M, Du D Z (2003) Energy-efficient broadcast and multicast routing in ad hoc wireless networks. In: Conference proceedings of the 2003 IEEE international performance, computing, and communications conference, pp 87–94, IEEE
Li Y, Cheng X, Wu W (2005) Optimal topology control for balanced energy consumption in wireless networks. J Parallel Distrib Comput 65(2):124–131
Li Q, Aslam J, Rus D (2001) Online power-aware routing in wireless ad-hoc networks. In: Proceedings of international conference on mobile computing and networking (MobiCom’2001), pp 97–107
Rishiwal V, Yadav M, Bajapai S K, Verma S (2009) Power aware routing in ad hoc wireless networks. J Comput Sci Technol 9
Maleki M, Pedram M (2004) Lifetime-aware multicast routing in wireless ad hoc networks. In: 2004 IEEE Wireless communications and networking conference (IEEE Cat. No. 04TH8733) vol 3, pp 1317–1323, IEEE
Shivashankar SH, Varaprasad G, Jayanthi G (2014) Designing energy routing protocol with power consumption optimization in manet. IEEE Trans Emerg Topics Comput 2(2):192–197
Doshi S, Bhandare S, Brown TX (2002) An on-demand minimum energy routing protocol for a wireless ad hoc network. Mobile Comput Commun Rev 6(2):50–66
Toh CK (2001) Maximum battery life routing to support ubiquitous mobile computing in eireless Ad Hoc networks. IEEE Commun Mag
Misra A, Banerjee S (2002) MRPC: maximizing network lifetime for reliable routing in wireless environments. In: 2002 IEEE wireless Communications and networking conference record. WCNC 2002 (Cat. No. 02TH8609), Vol 2, pp 800–806, IEEE
Maleki M, Dantu K, Pedram M (2002) Power-aware source routing protocol for mobile ad hoc networks. In: Proceedings of the 2002 international symposium on Low power electronics and design, pp 72–75. ACM
Tarique M, Tepe K E, Naserian M (2005) Energy saving dynamic source routing for ad hoc wireless networks. In: Third international symposium on modelling and optimization in mobile, Ad Hoc, and wireless networks (WiOpt'05), pp 305–310, IEEE
Rajaram A, Sugesh J (2011) Power aware routing for MANET using on-demand multipath routing protocol. Int J Comput Sci Issues (IJCSI) 8(4):517
Sivasankar P, Chellappan C, Balaji S (2008) Performance evaluation of energy efficient on-demand routing algorithms for MANET. In: 2008 IEEE Region 10 and the third international conference on industrial and information systems, pp 1–5. IEEE
Luo Y, Wang J, Gui W (2010) A distributed Algorithm for building energy-efficient group-shared multicast tree in Ad Hoc networks. In: 2010 second international Conference on networks security, wireless communications and trusted computing, Vol 1, pp 341–344, IEEE
Lotfi M, Jabbehdari S, Shahmirzadi M A (2010) A new energy efficient routing algorithm based on a new cost function in wireless ad hoc networks. arXiv preprint arXiv:1006.4557
Reddy AP, Satyanarayana N (2017) Energy-efficient stable multipath routing in MANET. Wireless Netw 23(7):2083–2091
Varaprasad G (2014) Designing energy routing protocol with power consumption optimization in MANET. IEEE TRANSACTION 2(2)
Papanna N, Reddy AR, Seetha M (2019) EELAM: energy efficient lifetime aware multicast route selection for mobile ad hoc networks. Applied Comput Inform 15(2):120–128
Jiang H, Cheng S, He Y, Sun B (2002) Multicasting along energy-efficient meshes in mobile ad hoc networks. In: 2002 IEEE wireless communications and networking conference record. WCNC 2002 (Cat. No. 02TH8609), Vol 2, pp 807–811, IEEE
Yao Y, Cao Q, Vasilakos AV (2014) EDAL: An energy-efficient, delay-aware, and lifetime-balancing data collection protocol for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. IEEE/ACM Trans Netw 23(3):810–823
Ruiz P, Bouvry P (2015) Survey on broadcast algorithms for mobile ad hoc networks. ACM Comput Surv (CSUR) 48(1):1–35
Singh S, Woo M, Raghavendra CS (1998) Power-aware with routing in mobile Ad Hoc networks. In: Proceedings of Mobicom 1998, Dallas, TX
Xu Y, Heidemann J, and Estrin, D. (2001) Geography-informed energy conservation for ad hoc routing. In: Proceedings of the 7th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking, pp 70–84
Chen CW, Weng CC (2012) A power efficiency routing and maintenance protocol in wireless multi-hop networks. J Syst Softw 85(1):62–76
Shenbagaraj R, Ramar K (2012) An optimized and energy efficient multicast routing based on genetic algorithm for wireless mobile Ad Hoc networks. IJRIM 2(2). ISSN 2231–4334
Moh S, Yu C, Lee B, Youn, H Y (2002) Energy efficient and robust multicast protocol for mobile ad hoc networks. In: Proceedings 2002 pacific rim international symposium on dependable computing, pp 145–152, IEEE
Chen B, Jamieson K, Balakrishnan H, Morris R (2002) Span: an energy-efficient coordination algorithm for topology maintenance in ad hoc wireless networks. Wirel Netw 8(5):481–494
Gupta N, Gupta R (2014) LAR-1: Affirmative influences on energy-conservation and network lifetime in MANET. Int J Comput Commun Control 9(3):284–291
Kamboj P, Sharma AK (2010) Energy efficient multicast routing protocol for MANET with minimum control overhead (EEMPMO). Int J Comput Appl 8(7):1–11
Kamboj P, Sharma A K (2010) Scalable energy efficient location aware multicast protocol for manet (seelamp). arXiv preprint arXiv:1005.4010
Abdulwahid H, Dai B, Huang B, Chen Z (2015) Optimal energy and load balance routing for MANETs. In: 2015 4th international conference on computer science and network technology (ICCSNT) Vol 1, pp 981–986, IEEE
Mikki MA (2009) Energy efficient location aided routing protocol for wireless MANETs. arXiv preprint arXiv:0909.0093
Kao JC, Marculescu R (2008) Predictive energy-efficient multicast for large-scale mobile ad hoc networks. In: 2008 5th IEEE consumer communications and networking conference, pp 709–713, IEEE
Noureddine H, Ni Q, Min G, Al-Raweshidy H (2014) A new link lifetime estimation method for greedy and contention-based routing in mobile ad hoc networks. Teleommun Syst 55(3):421–433
Moussaoui A, Semchedine F, Boukerram A (2014) A link-state QoS routing protocol based on link stability for Mobile Ad hoc Networks. J Netw Comput Appl 39:117–125
Zadin A, Fevens T (2016) Neighborhood-based interference minimization for stable position-based routing in mobile ad hoc networks. Future Gener Comput Syst 64:88–97
Torkestani JA, Meybodi MR (2010) Mobility-based multicast routing algorithm for wireless mobile Ad-hoc networks: A learning automata approach. Comput Commun 33(6):721–735
Yadav AK, Tripathi S (2017) QMRPRNS: Design of QoS multicast routing protocol using reliable node selection scheme for MANETs. Peer-to-Peer Netw Appl 10(4):897–909
AL-Hemyari A, Ismail M., Hassan R, Saeed S (2013) Improving link stability of multicasting routing protocol in MANETs. J Theor Appl Inform Technol 55(1)
Basarkod PI, Manvi SS (2014) On-demand QoS and stability-based multicast routing in mobile ad hoc networks. J Telecommun Inform Technol 3:98–112
Lu D, Dong S, Tao M, Dong C, Qiu B (2015) A velocity and neighbor density-based broadcast scheme in mobile ad hoc networks. J High-Speed Netw 21(3):221–235
Fareena N, Mala ASP, Ramar K (2012) Mobility based energy efficient multicast protocol for MANET. Procedia Eng 38:2473–2483
Kuo JC, Liao W, Hou TC (2009) Impact of node density on throughput and delay scaling in multi-hop wireless networks. IEEE Trans Wirel Commun 8(10):5103–5111
Srinivasan P, Kamalakkannan P, Shantharajah SP (2013) Stability and energy aware multipath routing for mobile ad hoc networks. Int J Comput Appl 74(16)
Park Y, Lee S (2008) A routing protocol for extend network lifetime through the residual battery and link stability in MANET. In: Applied computing conference (ACC ’08), pp 199–204 Istanbul, Turkey
Fotohi R, Jamali S, Sarkohaki F, Behzad S (2013) An Improvement over AODV routing protocol by limiting visited hop count. Int J Inform Tech Comput Sci (IJITCS) 5(9):87–93
Laboid H, Moustafa H (2010) Source routing-based multicast protocol (SRMP). Internet Draft
Gopinath S, Nagarajan N (2015) Energy based reliable multicast routing protocol for packet forwarding in MANET. J Appl Res Technol 13(3):374–381
Biradar RC, Manvi SS (2012) Ring mesh-based multicast routing scheme in MANET using bandwidth delay product. Wirel Pers Commun 66(1):117–146
Bagherpour M, Sepehri M M (2007) Stable energy-efficient position-based multicast outing (SE2PBM) in mobile Ad hoc networks.In: Proceedings of IEEE communications society, WCNC 2007 proceedings
Biradar R, Manvi S, Reddy M (2010) Link stability-based multicast routing scheme in MANET. Comput Netw 54(7):1183–1196
Zhang Z, Jia Z, Xia H (2012) Link stability evaluation and stability-based multicast routing protocol in mobile ad hoc networks. In: IEEE 11th international conference on trust, security and privacy in computing and communications (TrustCom), pp 1570–1577, IEEE
Park NU, Nam JC, Cho YZ (2018) Impact of node speed and transmission range on the hello Interval of AODV routing protocol. J Korean Inst Commun Inform Sci 18–02 43(2):241–251 https://doi.org/10.7840/kics.2018.43.2.241
Kumar D, Gupta SC (2015) Transmission range, sensity & speed based performance analysis of Ad Hoc networks. African J Comput ICT 8
Choi H, Lee J, Kim B (2014) Throughput enhancement based on optimum transmission range in MANETs. In: Sixth international conference on ubiquitous and future networks (ICUFN), 2014, pp 267–272). IEEE
Walikar GA, Biradar RC (2015) Energy aware multicast routing in mobile ad-hoc networks using NS-2. In: IEEE international conference on electrical, computer and communication technologies (ICECCT), pp 1–7, IEEE
Borah S, Pradhan R, Dey N, Gupta P (eds) (2021) Clustering algorithms for MA-NETs: a review on design and development. In: Advances in intelligent systems and computing, soft computing techniques and applications, vol 1248. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7394-1_51
Theerthagiri P (2020) FUCEM: futuristic cooperation evaluation model using markov process for evaluating node reliability and link stability in mobile ad hoc network. Wirel Netw, 1–16
Lee SJ, Su W, Gerla M (2001) Wireless ad hoc multicast routing with mobility prediction. Mobile Netw Appl 6(4):351–360
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Pareek, K., Tharewal, S. (2022). A Brief Review on Parameters of Link Stability in MANETs. In: Bansal, R.C., Zemmari, A., Sharma, K.G., Gajrani, J. (eds) Proceedings of International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Emerging Power System. Algorithms for Intelligent Systems. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4103-9_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4103-9_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-16-4102-2
Online ISBN: 978-981-16-4103-9
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)