Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Nanoparticle-Assisted Multilayered Photothermal Therapy Concerning Countercurrent Blood Flow: A Numerical Study

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Advances in Thermofluids and Renewable Energy

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering ((LNME))

  • 773 Accesses

Abstract

During laser-assisted cancer treatment, achieving a target-specific tumor ablation with minimum damage to surrounding normal tissues is a recent challenge. Nowadays, the various developments in nanotechnology include new techniques for this noninvasive photothermal tumor ablation process. A three-dimensional triple layered skin model with embedded tumor and countercurrent large blood vessels are chosen as the present computational domain. The diffusive heat equation in tissue and convective heat equation along with momentum equation in blood domain were solved using COMSOL Multiphysics (Bangalore, India) to predict the temperature field. The laser intensity distribution in tissue was modeled by modified Beer–Lambert law, whereas the tissue damage was predicted by solving the Arrhenius equation. A comparative study between intravenous (IV) and intratumoral (IT) infusion schemes of gold nanosphere (AuNp) was made considering both Pennes and the dual-phase lag (DPL) bioheat model to account the effect of relaxation time in bio-tissues. Numerical results show a better result for IT scheme in contrast to IV scheme in terms of tumor confined necrosis, sparing the neighboring healthy tissues and minimizing the heat sink effect of countercurrent blood vessels. During photothermal lesion ablation process, the effect of stratum corneum layer of skin is reflected by the differences in temperature plot at different layers of dermis, epidermis and subcutaneous. In an inhomogeneous tissue medium embedding AuNp clusters, the DPL model predicts more accurate results in terms of late thermal response to external laser irradiation as well as oscillating temperature history. The inclusion of relaxation times \(\tau_{q}\) and \(\tau_{T}\) in the DPL model enables the prediction of wavy characteristics of the thermal front that is traveling at a finite speed in biological tissue. Overall, the present computer simulation can improve the real clinical malignant tumor ablation process during laser-assisted thermotherapy.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Abbreviations

\(t\) :

Laser exposure time (s)

\(R\) :

Beam radius (mm)

D :

Diameter of rod (m)

\(s\) :

Number of nanoparticles per unit volume, (m−3)

\(T\) :

Temperature (°C)

\(Q\) :

Vomumetric heat generation rate (W/m3)

\(U\) :

Universal gas constant (J/mol K)

C d :

Damaged concentration of protein

C 0 :

Undamaged concentration of protein

\(\nabla\) :

Gradient

\(v\) :

Blood flow velocity

\(C\) :

Specific heat (J/kg K)

\(k\) :

Thermal conductivity (W/m K)

\(x,y,z\) :

Coordinates (mm)

I 0 :

Irradiated laser intensity (W/m2)

ω b :

Blood perfusion rate (s−1)

\(\Omega\) :

Damage integral

\(h\) :

Ambient convective heat transfer coefficient, (W/m2 K)

\(G\) :

Activation energy (J/mol K)

\(A\) :

Pre-exponential factor (s−1)

\(P\) :

Pressure (Pa)

\(S\) :

Thermophysical and optical properties

\(p,n\) :

Consistency and power law index

\(q\) :

Heat flux

\(f\) :

Volume force

\(\eta\) :

Volumetric concentration (dimensionless)

\(\rho\) :

Density (kg/m3)

\(\psi\) :

Shear stress in blood medium

\(\tau _{q}\) :

Heat flux phase lag

\(\tau _{T}\) :

Temperature gradient phase lag

\(\alpha\) :

Absorption coefficient (m−1)

\(\beta\) :

Scattering coefficient (m−1)

amb:

Ambient

np:

Nanoparticle

mix:

Mixture

met:

Metabolic

perf:

Perfusion

b :

Blood

t :

Tissue

IT:

Intratumoral

IV:

Intravenous

IR:

Infrared

AuNs:

Gold nanoshells

References

  1. Maltzahn, G. V., Park, J., Agarwal, A., Bandaru, N. K., Das, S. K., Sailor, M. J., & Bhatia, S. N. (2009). Computationally guided photothermal tumor therapy using long-circulating gold nanorod antennas. Cancer Research, 69(9), 3892–3900.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Sayed, M. A., Shabaka, A. A., El-Shabrawy, O. A., N.A. Yassin, N. A., Mahmoud, S. S., El-Shenawy, S. M., Al-Ashqar, E., Eisa, W. H., Farag, N. M., El-Shaer, M. A., et al. (2013). Tissue distribution and efficacy of gold nanorods coupled with laser induced photoplasmonic therapy in ehrlich carcinoma solid tumor model. PLOS One, 8(10), e76207 1–9.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Ren, Y., Qi, H., Chen, Q., & Ruan, L. (2017). Thermal dosage investigation for optimal temperature distribution in gold nanoparticle enhanced photothermal therapy. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 106, 212–221.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Dua, R., & Chakraborty, S. (2005). A novel modeling and simulation technique of photo–thermal interactions between lasers and living biological tissues undergoing multiple changes in phase. Computers in Biology and Medicine, 35, 447–462.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Jaunich, M., Raje, S., Kim, K., Mitra, K., & Guo, Z. (2008). Bio-heat transfer analysis during short pulse laser irradiation of tissues. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 51(23–24), 5511–5521.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Paul, A., Narasimahan, A., Kahlen, A., & Das, S. K. (2014). Temperature evolution in the tissues embedded with large blood vessels during photo-thermal heating. Journal of Thermal Biology, 41, 77–87.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Kumar, S., & Srivastava, A. (2015). Thermal analysis of laser-irradiated tissue phantoms using dual phase lag model coupled with transient radiative transfer equation. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 90, 466–479.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Kumar, S., & Srivastava, A. (2017). Finite integral transform-based analytical solutions of dual phase lag bio-heat transfer equation. Applied Mathematical Modelling, 52, 378–403.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  9. Wongchadakul, P., Rattanadecho, P., & Wessapan, T. (2018). Implementation of a thermomechanical model to simulate laser heating in shrinkage tissue (effects of wavelength, laser irradiation intensity, and irradiation beam area). International Journal of Thermal Sciences, 134, 321–326.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Paul, A., & Paul, A. (2018). Computational study of photo-thermal ablation of large blood vessel embedded tumor using localized injection of gold nanoshells. Journal of Thermal Biology, 78, 329–342.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Paul, A., & Paul, A. (2019). Thermomechanical analysis of a triple layered skin structure in presence of nanoparticle embedding multi-level blood vessels. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 148, 119076. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Paul, A., & Paul, A. (2020). In-vitro thermal assessment of vascularized tissue phantom in presence of gold nanorods during photo-thermal therapy. Journal of Heat Transfer ASME. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4047371

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Cetingul, M. P., & Herman, C. (2011). Quantification of the thermal signature of melanoma lesion. International Journal of Thermal Science, 50, 421–431.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Wang, X., Gao, X., & Liu, J. (2010). Monte-Carlo simulation on gold nanoshells enhanced laser interstitial thermal therapy on target tumor. Journal of Computational and Theoratical Nanoscience, 7, 1025–1031.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Saccomandi, P., Schena, E., Caponero, M. A., Di Matteo, F. M., Martino, M., Pandolfi, M., et al. (2012). Theoretical analysis and experimental evaluation of laser-induced interstitial thermotherapy in ex vivo porcine pancreas. IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, 59(9), 2958–2964.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Welch, A. J. (1984). The thermal response of laser irradiation tissue. IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics, 20(12), 1471–1481.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Patidar, S., Kumar, S., Srivastava, A., & Sing, S. (2016). Dual phase lag model-based thermal analysis of tissue phantoms using lattice Boltzmann method. International Journal of Thermal Science, 103, 41–56.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Arunachal Pradesh, Yupia, 791112, India

    Abhijit Paul & Anup Paul

Authors
  1. Abhijit Paul
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Anup Paul
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India

    Pinakeswar Mahanta

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India

    Pankaj Kalita

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Arunachal Pradesh, Yupia, Arunachal Pradesh, India

    Anup Paul

  4. Department of Electrical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Arunachal Pradesh, Yupia, Arunachal Pradesh, India

    Abhik Banerjee

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Paul, A., Paul, A. (2022). Nanoparticle-Assisted Multilayered Photothermal Therapy Concerning Countercurrent Blood Flow: A Numerical Study. In: Mahanta, P., Kalita, P., Paul, A., Banerjee, A. (eds) Advances in Thermofluids and Renewable Energy . Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3497-0_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3497-0_7

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-16-3496-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-16-3497-0

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation