Abstract
Satellite-based navigation applications have become one of the most common navigation methods in the world. The tracking of satellite navigation receiver in weak signal environments is challenging. To improve receiver tracking performance, a frequency locked loop (FLL) assisted phase locked loop (PLL) vector tracking structure for GNSS receiver is proposed in this paper. In the carrier loop, a carrier tracking algorithm of Kalman filter (KF)-based FLL-assisted PLL is used. In the code tracking loop, the pseudo-range information is fed back to the code numerically controlled oscillator (NCO) through vector tracking, and the code frequency of each tracking channel is adjusted to realize the information sharing of all channels. Experimental results show that, the FLL-assisted PLL vector tracking algorithm can quickly re-lock the satellite signal with good robustness after severe signal fading.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Kanwal, N., Hurskainen, H., Nurmi, J.: Vector tracking loop design for degraded signal environment. In: 2010 Ubiquitous Positioning Indoor Navigation and Location Based Service, Kirkkonummi, Finland, pp. 1–4 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1109/UPINLBS.2010.5654015
Spilker, J.J.: Fundamental of Signal Tracking Theory, Global Positioning System: Theory and Applications. American Institute of Aeronautics, Washington (1996)
Lashley, M., Bevly, D.M.: Analysis of discriminator based vector tracking algorithms. In: Proceedings of the National Technical Meeting of the Institute of Navigation, pp. 570–576 (2007)
Lashley, M., Bevly, D.M.: Vector delay/frequency lock loop implementation and analysis. In: Proceedings of the International Technical Meeting of the Institute of Navigation, pp. 1073–1086 (2009)
Lashley, M., Bevly, D.M., Hung, J.Y.: Performance analysis of vector tracking algorithms for weak GPS Signals in high dynamics. IEEE J. Sel. Top. Sign. Proces. 3(4), 661–673 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTSP.2009.2023341
Zhao, S., Akos, D.: An open source GPS/GNSS vector tracking loop - implementation, filter tuning, and results. institute of navigation - international technical meeting, ITM (2011)
Xu, B., Hsu, L.-T.: Open-source MATLAB code for GPS vector tracking on a software-defined receiver. GPS Solutions 23(2), 1–9 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-019-0839-x
Tang, X., Falco, G., Falletti, E., Presti, L.L.: Performance comparison of a KF-based and a KF+VDFLL vector tracking-loop in case of GNSS partial outage and low-dynamic conditions. In: 2014 7th ESA Workshop on Satellite Navigation Technologies and European Workshop on GNSS Signals and Signal Processing (NAVITEC), Noordwijk, Netherlands, pp. 1–8 (2014) https://doi.org/10.1109/NAVITEC.2014.7045135
Chen, S., Gao, Y.: Improvement of carrier phase tracking in high dynamics conditions using an adaptive joint vector tracking architecture. GPS Solutions 23(1), 1 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10291-018-0806-y
Zhang, L., Morton, Y., van Graas, F., Beach, T.: Characterization of GNSS signal parameters under ionosphere scintillation conditions using software-based tracking algorithms. In: IEEE/ION Position, Location and Navigation Symposium, Indian Wells, CA, USA, pp. 264–275 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1109/PLANS.2010.5507209
Ma, L., Shi, L., Wang, Z.: Performance analysis of a second order FLL assisted third order PLL for tracking doppler rates. Wseas Trans. Commun. 13(1), 26–43 (2014)
Won, J., Pany, T., Eissfeller, B.: Characteristics of Kalman filters for GNSS signal tracking loop. IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. 48(4), 3671–3681 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1109/TAES.2012.6324756
Yang, R., Ling, K., Poh, E., Morton, Y.: Generalized GNSS signal carrier tracking—part I: modeling and analysis. IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. 53(4), 1781–1797 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1109/TAES.2017.2673998
Yang, R., Morton, Y., Ling, K., Poh, E.: Generalized GNSS signal carrier tracking—part II: optimization and implementation. IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst. 53(4), 1798–1811 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1109/TAES.2017.2674198
Mo, J., Deng, Z., Jia, B., Jiang, H., Bian, X.: A novel fll-assisted PLL with fuzzy control for TC-OFDM carrier signal tracking. IEEE Access 6, 52447–52459 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2870908
Acknowledgements
Thanks to the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52071199), Shanghai Natural Science Foundation (18ZR1417100, 19ZR1422800), and Shanghai Pujiang Talent Program (18PJD017) for supporting this project.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Mou, M., Hu, Y., Gu, M., Wang, S., Liu, W. (2021). A Vector Tracking Structure of FLL-Assisted PLL for GNSS Receiver. In: Yang, C., Xie, J. (eds) China Satellite Navigation Conference (CSNC 2021) Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 774. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3146-7_24
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3146-7_24
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-16-3145-0
Online ISBN: 978-981-16-3146-7
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)