Abstract
This chapter reviews previous extant research on postwar state policies in East Asia’s steel industry. The governments of Japan, the Republic of Korea, and China have always attached great importance to the rapid ascent and restructuring of the steel industry. As a strategic sector, the steel industry requires frequent government interventions to obtain a comparative advantage in raw material sources, technology improvement, and trade. In contrast, the overreaching of the government’s involvement has led to market distortions and overcapacity that have worsened with the economic maturity of these three East Asian economies, particularly that of China. The current global steel sustainability is increasingly influenced by excess capacity, low profitability, and environmental issues. As the largest producer, consumer, and exporter in the global steel market, East Asia’s steel industry will play a critical role in addressing these problems and in contributing to the low-carbon transition in response to climate change challenges. This chapter outlines the similarities and differences among the state policies in Japan, the Republic of Korea, and China and discusses how they are associated with the steel industry’s growth and current issues, which might help identify potential development strategies that can lead to a more sustainable development path.
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Notes
- 1.
Lee and Malerba (2017) define “leadership” as industrial leadership in terms of the domination of global markets in an industry, with such domination being assessed through a combination of measured market share and industry expert evaluations.
- 2.
The Nippon Steel Corporation was established in 1970 from the merger of Fuji Iron & Steel and Yawata Iron & Steel.
- 3.
The new Nippon Steel Corporation is called Nippon Steel and Sumitomo Metal Corporation (NSSMC).
- 4.
The Republic of Korea’s policy to promote heavy industries in the early 1970s included iron and steel, shipbuilding, nonferrous metals, chemicals, general machinery, electrical equipment, and electronics.
- 5.
These policies focused on six sectors, including steel, petrochemicals, machinery, shipbuilding, electronics, and nonferrous metal.
- 6.
Carbon intensity measures the quantity of CO2 emitted per unit of GDP and is measured in kg CO2/GDP per year.
- 7.
- 8.
The crude steel output of Baowu Steel Group and Hebei Iron and Steel Group.
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Yang, J. (2021). How Does State Policy Shape East Asia’s Steel Industry? A Selective Review. In: Ma, J., Yamamoto, M. (eds) Growth Mechanisms and Sustainability. Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2486-5_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2486-5_2
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