Skip to main content

Technology in Tourism and Hospitality in Pakistan: The Tourist Experience Perspective

  • Reference work entry
  • First Online:
Handbook of Technology Application in Tourism in Asia
  • 829 Accesses

Abstract

Technological advancements play a major role to enhance tourism and hospitality service experience delivery capacities. Through these, business organizations reduce their operational and nonoperational cost, improve quality of their services, enhance effectiveness of resources, and satisfy customer need for rememberable experience. Several countries in the world can be examples. Pakistan is a South Asian nation, and this can be viewed as a major player in the world. This chapter briefly describes all of the elements considered as relevant to tourist experience in the tourism and hospitality industry. In the Pakistan context of technology integration and further their outcomes, this chapter also offers some guidelines. Furthermore, technology application in the tourism and hospitality can possibly be divided them in different categories regarding their attributes and development. Thus, this is better to evaluate a specific technology’s magnitudes and impacts. This was found after comprehensive analysis of all elements that technology can entirely change the pace and structure of the tourism and hospitality sectors. Moreover, technology application enhances market competitiveness, environment friendliness, and employing local people both directly and indirectly. Lastly, this paper suggests that relation to Pakistani hotel, the involvement, and role play of relevant public agencies can allow better experiences to the tourists.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 699.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 799.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Ahmed, B. (2003). NASSD background paper: Sustainable tourism and cultural heritage (p. 49). IUCN, Northern Areas Programme.

    Google Scholar 

  • Archer, B., & Cooper, C. (1998). The positive and negative impacts of tourism. In W. F. Theobald (Ed.), Global tourism (pp. 63–81). Butterworth-Heinemann.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arshad, M. (2015). Making Lahore a better heritage tourist destination. Unpublished MSc Thesis. The Arctic University of Norway.

    Google Scholar 

  • Association, A. T. T. (2010). Adventure tourism development index report 2010. Adventure Travel Trade Association/The George Washington University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ayres, R. (2000). Tourism as a passport to development in small states: Reflections on Cyprus. International Journal of Social Economics, 27, 114–133.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bahmani-Oskooee, M., & Alse, J. (1993). Export growth and economic growth: An application of cointegration and error correction modeling. Journal of Developing Areas, 27, 535–542.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bahuguna, A. (2005). Tourism in India: Development perspective. The Indian Economic Journal, 39, 138–141.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baloch, Q. B. (2007a). Managing tourism in Pakistan: A case study of Chitral valley. Journal of Managerial Sciences, 2, 169–190.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baloch, Q. B. (2007b). Management tourism in Pakistan – A case study of Chitral. Unpublished Master Thesis Report. Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buhalis, D. (2000). Marketing the competitive destination of the future. Tourism Management, 21(1), 97–116.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen, R. J., & Noriega, P. (2004). The impacts of terrorism: Perceptions of faculty and students on safety and security in tourism. Journal of Travel & Tourism Marketing, 15(2–3), 81–97.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chow, P. C. Y. (1987). Causality between export growth and industrial development: Empirical evidence from the NICs. Journal of Development Economics, 26, 55–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dixit, K. M. (1997). Tourism trends and issues across the Himalaya. Journal of Travel and Tourism, 1(1), 45–59.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eugenio-Martin, J. L., Morales, N. M. and Scarpa, R. (2004). Tourism and economic growth in Latin American countries: A panel data approach. Retrieved from: https://ssrn.com/abstract=504482 (accessed: the 28 Feb 2020).

  • Fakhar, A. H. (2010). Factors affecting tourism, tourism potential and strategies for development as an industry in Pakistan. Unpublished MSc Thesis. University of Gävle.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fletcher, J. (1994). Input-output analysis: Tourism management and marketing handbook. Prentice Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frechtling, D. C. (1987). Five issues in tourism marketing in the 1990s. Tourism Management, 8(2), 177–178.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Henderson, J. C., Foo, K., Lim, H., & Yip, S. (2010). Sports events and tourism: The Singapore formula one grand prix. International Journal of Event and Festival Management, 1(1), 60–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Israr, M., Shafi, M. M., Ahmad, N., Khan, N., Baig, S., & Khan, Z. H. (2009). Eco tourism in Northern Pakistan and challenges perspective of stakeholders. Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 25(1), 113–120.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jucan, C. N., & Jucan, M. S. (2013). Travel and tourism as a driver of economic recovery. Procedia Economics and Finance, 6, 81–88.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kakar, M. K., & Khalil, S. (2007). The relation between tourism and employment in Pakistan. Unpublished Master Thesis Report. University of Karachi.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kasim, A. (2011). Balancing tourism and religious experience: Understanding devotees’ perspectives on Thaipusam in Batu Caves, Selangor, Malaysia. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 20(3–4), 441–456.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Khalil, S., Kakar, M. K., & Malik, A. (2007). Role of tourism in economic growth: Empirical evidence from Pakistan economy. The Pakistan Development Review, 46, 985–995.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Khan, R. E. A., & Rasheed, M. K. (2016). Political economy of tourism in Pakistan: The role of terrorism and infrastructure development. Asian Development Policy Review, 4(2), 42–50.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kulendran, N., & Wilson, K. (2000). Is there a relationship between international trade and international travel? Applied Economics, 32(8), 1001–1009.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marin, D. (1992). Is the export-led growth hypothesis valid for industrialized countries? Review of Economics and Statistics, 74, 678–688.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mitchell, J. and Ashley, C. (2009). Can the private sector reduce poverty at scale? Evidence from the tourism value chain. The commonwealth ministers reference book. Retrieved from: http://www.odi.org.uk/resources/download/3644.pdf (accessed: The 28th February, 2020).

  • Oh, C. O. (2005). The contribution of tourism development to economic growth in the Korean economy. Tourism Management, 26(1), 39–44.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pizam, A., & Fleischer, A. (2002). Severity versus frequency of acts of terrorism: Which has a larger impact on tourism demand? Journal of Travel Research, 40, 337–339.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rana, A. R. (2015). Promotion of tourism in Pakistan. Pakistan Institute of Legislative Development and Transparency.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rasul, F., Fatima, U., & Sohail, S. (2016). Religion tourism and entrepreneurial development (a case study Hazrat Data Ganj Bakhsh Shrine). South Asian Studies, 31(1), 275.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raza, S. A., & Jawaid, S. T. (2013). Terrorism and tourism: A conjunction and ramification in Pakistan. Economic Modelling, 33, 65–70.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seddighi, H. R., Nuttall, M. W., & Theocharous, A. L. (2001). Does cultural background of tourists influence the destination choice? An empirical study with special reference to political instability. Tourism Management, 22(2), 181–191.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shan, J., & Wilson, K. (2001). Causality between trade and tourism: Empirical evidence from China. Applied Economics Letters, 8(4), 279–283.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sinclair, M. T. (1998). Tourism and economic development: A survey. Journal of Development Studies, 34(5), 1–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • The United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific. (ESCAP). (1991). Investment of economic cooperation in the tourism sector in developing Asian countries. Report of a seminar organized by ESCAP Bangkok, Tokyo Sandai, Japan, the 5th –21st October, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tourism in Pakistan. (2008). Home. Retrieved from: http://www.un.org.pk/unic/pdf/tourism.htm, visited on 03-08-2008. Accessed: the 28th Feb 2020.

  • Tureac, C. E., & Turtureanu, A. (2010). Types and forms of tourism. Acta Universitatis Danubius, 4(1), 92–103.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Bank. (2017). Punjab tourism for economic growth project. Retrieved from: https://bit.ly/2wI365X. Accessed: the 28th Feb 2020.

  • World Economic Forum. (WEF). (2015). The travel & tourism competitiveness report, 2015. WEF.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Economic Forum. (WEF). (2017). The travel & tourism competitiveness report, 2017. WEF.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Tourism Organization. (UNWTO). (2008). Tourism satellite account: Recommended methodological framework. UNWTO.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Tourism Organization. (UNWTO). (2013). UNWTO tourism highlights. UNWTO.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Travel and Tourism Council. (WTTC). (2011). TRAVEL & TOURISM economic impact. WTTC.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Travel and Tourism Council. (WTTC). (2017). TRAVEL & TOURISM economic impact 2017 Pakistan. WTTC.

    Google Scholar 

  • Yeoman, I. (2009). Tomorrow’s tourist: Scenarios & trends. Routledge.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Zortuk, M. (2009). Economic impact of tourism on Turkey’s economy: Evidence from cointegration tests. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 25(3), 231–239.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Jawad, M., Hassan, A. (2022). Technology in Tourism and Hospitality in Pakistan: The Tourist Experience Perspective. In: Hassan, A. (eds) Handbook of Technology Application in Tourism in Asia. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2210-6_39

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics