Designing Lightweight S-Box Using Simplified Finite Field Inversion Mapping

Abstract

Emerging areas like the IoT, etc., have computing environments that consist of numerous resource-constraint devices that are interconnected and communicated to each other. These devices need to operate in a secured environment; however, conventional cryptography is not suitable as they have low computational and memory resources. Security for such devices can be ensured by using lightweight cryptography instead. In this paper, a technique was proposed to design smaller S-boxes that can be used in lightweight block ciphers, hash functions, etc. The design technique used in the AES S-box was adopted and simplified in order to make these smaller S-boxes. The proposed S-boxes were compared with those used in the PRESENT cipher and the LUFFA hash function in terms of the different cryptographic properties and parameters. In addition, a change in the nonlinearity value of the proposed S-box was also calculated with reference to that of an AES S-box.