Abstract
Santalum album L., popularly known as Sandalwood, belongs to the family Santalaceae and Sandalwood is the most valued South Indian tree, which is the source of the world famous, fragrant Indian sandal wood oil, a major ingredient in cosmetics, medicines, and perfumes produced worldwide. The central portion of the tree, known as the heartwood is very hard and yellow-brown in colour. The heartwood is fragrant in nature with an oily texture, and it is one of the perfect wood materials for making highly attractive artefacts of Sandalwood, due to its durability. In Hindu and Vedic societies, it is one of the best utilized sacred components. This tree has attracted the attention of both foresters and layman, because of its high valued wood, which is being illegally harvested, creating law and order problems. Thus, native species of Sandalwood trees have become vulnerable to extinction. As a result, it is included in the list of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) red listed threatened species. This chapter introduces about the Sandalwood tree, its habitat, restricted distribution, conservation, and economic importance to the readers.
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Pullaiah, T., Swamy, M.K. (2021). Sandalwood: The Green Gold. In: Pullaiah, T., Das, S.C., Bapat, V.A., Swamy, M.K., Reddy, V.D., Murthy, K.S.R. (eds) Sandalwood: Silviculture, Conservation and Applications. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0780-6_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0780-6_1
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