Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Millet-Based Value-Added Food Products for Diabetics

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Millets and Millet Technology

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia owing to insufficient or inefficient insulin secretion. Globally half a billion people are living with diabetes and in India the rate is increasing at an alarming rate. This possesses a large and increasing burden and therefore immediate and collective actions are required to prevent diabetes. The four identified pillars of managing diabetes are drugs, exercise, education, and diet. Diet can play an important role in treatment and prevention of diabetes. Millets can be effectively explored to incorporate in the diet of diabetics. Millets contain certain bioactive components like non-starch polysaccharides, flavonoids, polyphenols, protein, certain vitamins, and minerals which attribute antioxidative, anti-inflammatory properties, and reduce insulin sensitivity. The nutraceutical potency of millets aids in lowering the glycemic index (GI) of food containing millets. The present chapter deals with the incorporation of millets in developing food products for diabetics. Various millet-based low GI value-added food products have been developed and proven to reduce blood glucose, lipid profile, glycosylated hemoglobin in diabetics through intervention studies. Thus, millets the underutilized but potential grains can be effectively used to formulate functional food products and can form an integral part of the diet for diabetics.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Amadou I, Gounga ME, Le G-W (2013) Millets: nutritional composition, some health benefits and processing - a review. Emir J Food Agric 25:501–508

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anju T, Sarita S (2010) Suitability of foxtail millet (Setaria italica) and barnyard millet (Echinochloa frumentacea) for development of low glycemic index biscuits. Mal J Nutr 16:361–368

    Google Scholar 

  • Anusha B, Hymavathi TV, Vijayalakshmi V, Reddy P, Robert TP (2018) Lipid-lowering effect of foxtail millet (Setaria italica) and Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa wild) in pre-diabetics. J Pharm Res Int 24:1–7

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arora S, Srivastava S (2002) Suitability of millet-based food products for diabetics. J Food Sci Technol 39:423–426

    Google Scholar 

  • Bisht AT, Srivastava S (2013) Efficacy of millets in the development of low glycemic index sweets for diabetics. Mal J Nutr 19:215–222

    Google Scholar 

  • Chhavi A, Sarita S (2012) Evaluation of composite millet breads for sensory and nutritional quality and glycemic response. Mal J Nutr 18:89–101

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Itagi S, Naik R, Bharati P, Sharma P (2012) Readymade foxtail millet mix for diabetics. Int J Sci Nat 3:47–50

    Google Scholar 

  • Jali MV, Kamatar MY, Jali SM, Hiremath MB, Naik RK (2012) Efficacy of value added foxtail millet therapeutic food in the management of diabetes and dyslipidemia in type2 diabetic patients. Recent Res Sci Technol 4:03–04

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jenkins DJ, Wolever TM, Taylor RH, Barker H, Fielden H, Baldwin JM, Bowling AC, Newman HC, Jenkins AL, Goff DV (1981) Glycemic index of foods: a physiological basis for carbohydrate exchange. Am J Clin Nutr 34(3):362–366

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Joshi S, Srivastava S (2016) Barnyard millet as a substitute of rice in preparation of khichdi for diabetics. IJSR 5:1798–1802

    Google Scholar 

  • Kumar A, Metwal M, Kaur S, Gupta AK, Puranik S, Singh S, Singh M, Gupta S, Babu BK, Sood S (2016) Nutraceutical value of finger millet [Eleusine coracana (L.) Gaertn.], and their improvement using omics approaches. Front Plant Sci 7. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2016.00934

  • Kumar A, Tomer V, Kaur A, Kumar V, Gupta K (2018) Millets: a solution to agrarian and nutritional challenges. Agric Food Secur 7:31. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-018-0183-3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kumari PL, Sumathi S (2002) Effect of consumption of finger millet on hyperglycemic in non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) subjects. Plant Food Hum Nutr 57:205–213

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kumari N, Gupta A, Sheikh S (2014) Development of low glycemic foods with the use of pearl millet and finger millet. Int J Sci Res 3:193–195

    Google Scholar 

  • McRae MP (2018) Dietary fiber intake and type 2 diabetes mellitus: an umbrella review of meta-analyses. J Chiropr Med 17:44–53

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Miller JC (1994) Importance of glycemic index in diabetes. Am J Clin Nutr 59:747–752

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mohan V (2004) Why are Indians more prone to diabetes? J Assoc Physicians India 52:468–474

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nagalakshmi K, Beatrice DA (2013) Comparative study of the glycemic response of kodo and barnyard millets in type 2 diabetic subjects. IJGHC 2:930–935

    Google Scholar 

  • Narayanan J, Sanjeevi V, Rohini U, Trueman P, Viswanathan V (2016) Postprandial glycemic response of foxtail millet dosa in comparison to a rice dosa in patients with type 2 diabetes. Indian J Med Res 144:712–717

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nishizawa N, Togawa T, Park K-O, Sato D, Miakoshi Y, Inagaki K, Ohmori N, Ito Y, Nagasawa T (2009) Dietary Japanese millet protein ameliorates plasma levels of adinopectin, glucose, and lipids in type 2 diabetic mice. Biosci Biotech Bioch 73:351–360

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Patil KB, Chimmad BV, Itagi S (2015) Glycemic index and quality evaluation of little millet (Panicumm iliare) flakes with enhanced shelf life. J Food Sci Technol 52:6078–6082

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Prabha KC, Selvi S (2016) Nutrient and antioxidant evaluation of four underutilized minor millets. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci 5:224–233

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Radha V, Kanthimathi S, Mohan V (2011) Genetics of type 2 diabetes in Asian Indian. Diabetes Manage 1:309–324

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ramachandran A, Snehalatha C, Shetty AS, Nanditha A (2012) Trends in prevalence of diabetes in Asian countries. World J Diabetes 3:110–117

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ren X, Yin R, Hou D, Xue Y, Zhang M, Diao X, Zhang Y, Hu J, Wu J, Hu X, Shen Q (2018) The glucose-lowering effect of foxtail millet in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance: a self-controlled clinical trial. Nutrients 10(10):1509. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu1010159

    Article  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Saeedi P, Petersohn I, Salpea P, Malanda B, Kururanga S, Unwin N, Colaguiri S, Guariguata L, Motala AA, Ogurtsuva K, Shaw JE, Bright D, Williams R (2019) Global and regional diabetes prevalence estimates for 2019 and projections for 2030 and 2045: results from International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas, 9th Edition. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 157:1–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma S, Saxena J (2016) Phytochemical screening and quantitative estimation of total phenolic contents and total flavonoid content of grains of Paspalum scrobiculatum. Asian J Pharm Clin Res 9:73–76

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma A, Kumar RA, Sood S, Khulbe RK, Agarwal PK, Bhatt JC (2018) Evaluation of nutraceutical properties of finger millet genotypes from mid hills of northwestern Himalayan region of India. Indian J Exp Biol 56:39–47

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shrestha R (2017) Suitability of finger millet & barnyard millet incorporated pizza base in diabetes and cardiovascular disease. PhD (Human Nutrition) Thesis submitted to Department of Foods and Nutrition, G B Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar

    Google Scholar 

  • Sireesha Y, Kasetti RB, Nabi SA, Swapna S, Apparao C (2011) Antihyperglycemic and hypolipidemic activities of Setaria italica seeds in STZ diabetic rats. Pathophysiology 18:159–164

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Snehalatha S, Ramachandaran R (2009) Insight into the mechanism of primary prevention of type 2 diabetes: improvement in insulin sensitivity and beta cell function. “Genetic and epigenetic basis of complex diseases” conference in Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, December 2009

    Google Scholar 

  • Sood S, Joshi DC, Chandra AK, Kumar A (2019) Phenomics and genomics of finger millet: current status and future prospects. Planta 9:1–21

    Google Scholar 

  • Suma PF, Urooj A (2012) Antioxidant activity of extracts from foxtail millet (Setaria italica). J Food Sci Technol 49:500–504

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Surekha N, Devi R, Naik R (2013) Development of value added low glycemic index barnyard millet (Echinochloa frumentacea Link) noodles. IJFANS 2:20–24

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thathola A, Srivastava S, Singh G (2011) Effect of foxtail millet (Setaria italica) supplementation on serum glucose, serum lipids and glycosylated hemoglobin in type 2 diabetics. Diabetol Croat 40-1:23–28

    Google Scholar 

  • Thilagavathi T, Kanchana S (2017) A study on the effect of millet and pulse based pasta on blood glucose and lipid profile in alloxan-induced diabetics rats. IJPCBS 7:112–121

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tiwari N, Srivastava S (2017) Effect of finger millet (Eleusine coracana) buns supplementation on serum glucose and serum lipids level in type 2 diabetics. Asian J Dairy Food Res 36:337–340

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Udeh HO, Duodu KG, Jideani AIO (2017) Finger millet bioactive compounds, bioaccessibility, and potential health effects - a review. Czech J Food Sci 35:7–17

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ugare R, Chimmad B, Naik R, Bharati P, Itagi S (2014) Glycemic index and significance of barnyard millet (Echinochloa frumentacea) in type II diabetic. J Food Sci Technol 51(2):392–395

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ulfath TK, Nikhitha M, Praditi S, Kavitha GS, Myrene RD, Sangeetha P (2016) Development of value added product to reduce the risk of hypoglycemia in diabetic population. Eur J Pharm Med Res 3:514–518

    Google Scholar 

  • Wahlang B, Joshi N, Ravindra U (2018) Glycemic index lowering effect of different edible coatings in foxtail millet. J Nutr Health Food Eng 8:404–408

    Google Scholar 

  • Weickert MO, Pfeiffer AFH (2008) Metabolic effects of dietary fiber consumption and prevention of diabetes. J Nutr 138:439–442

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • WHO (2016) Global report on diabetes. WHO, Geneva

    Google Scholar 

  • Yadav N, Chaudhary K, Singh A, Gupta A (2013) Evaluation of hypoglycemic properties of kodo millet based food products in healthy subjects. IOSR J Pharm 3:14–20

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Foods and Nutrition, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India

    Sarita Srivastava

  2. Department of Home Science, MB Government PG College, Nainital, Uttarakhand, India

    Anju Bisht

Authors
  1. Sarita Srivastava
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Anju Bisht
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Directorate of Education, Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Anil Kumar

  2. ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India

    Manoj Kumar Tripathi

  3. Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Vivekananda Institute of Hill Agriculture, Almora, Uttarakhand, India

    Dinesh Joshi

  4. Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Rani Lakshmi Bai Central Agricultural University, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Vishnu Kumar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Srivastava, S., Bisht, A. (2021). Millet-Based Value-Added Food Products for Diabetics. In: Kumar, A., Tripathi, M.K., Joshi, D., Kumar, V. (eds) Millets and Millet Technology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0676-2_16

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation