Abstract
In order to understand the propagation mechanism of microcrack developing into destructive penetrating cracks and the evolution process of that in cathode carbon block, the acoustic emission (AE) characteristics of cathode carbon block in the process of failure were studied under uniaxial compression loads. The experiment results show that the failure process of cathode carbon block can be divided into four stages. Based on the characteristic parameters of AE signal and its macroscopic fracture state, the causes and corresponding fracture modes of AE signals in each stage are analyzed. In addition, AE signals in the failure process of cathode carbon block can be divided into four types according to k-means clustering analysis. According to the parameter characteristics, waveform characteristics, and time distribution of all types of signals, it can be concluded that class A signals correspond to tensile failure caused by the interaction of macro crack and the friction between aggregate particles in post-peaking stage. Class B signals are considered as the noise generated by the friction between the testing machine and the end face of the cathode carbon block. It is considered that class C signals correspond to the shear slip cracking before the macro cracking as well as the crack propagation and penetrating large-scale shear failure at the peak stress that affects the overall stability of the cathode carbon block. Class D signals are generated by the fracture of the connection between aggregate particles and the compaction of pores between aggregate particles during the early stage of loading. The results provide basic data and experimental basis for the detection of electrolytic cell damage in electrolytic aluminum industry.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Q.S. Liu,W.H. Liu, Acoustic emission characteristics and failure modes of cathode carbon blocks under uniaxial compression for aluminum electrolysis. Light Met. 2, 23–27 (2014) (in Chinese)
Q.S. Liu,H.F. Liu, Mechanical properties of carbon cathodes during aluminium electrolysis. Adv. Mater. Res. 399–401:2155–2159 (2012)
J. Xu, Z. Fu, Q. Han, G. Lacidogna, A. Carpinteri, Micro-cracking monitoring and fracture evaluation for crumb rubber concrete based on acoustic emission techniques. Struct. Health Monit. 7. 147592171773053 (2017)
S. Yuyama, Z.W. Li, Y. Ito et al., Quantitative analysis of fracture process in RC column foundation by moment tensor analysis of acoustic emission. Constr. Build. Mater. 13(1–2), 87–97 (1999)
D.G. Aggelis, A.C. Mpalaskas, T.E. Matikas, Investigation of different fracture modes in cement-based materials by acoustic emission. Cem. Concr. Res. 48(2), 1–8 (2013)
D.G. Aggelis, T.E. Matikas, Effect of plate wave dispersion on the acoustic emission parameters in metals. Comput. Struct. 98–99(5):17–22 (2012)
T. Shiotani, M. Ohtsu, K. Ikeda, Detection and evaluation of AE waves due to rock deformation. Constr. Build. Mater. 15(5–6), 235–246 (2001)
D. Soulioti, N.M. Barkoula, A. Paipetis et al., Acoustic emission behavior of steel fibre reinforced concrete under bending. Constr. Build. Mater. 23(12), 3532–3536 (2009)
D.G. Aggelis, A.C. Mpalaskas, D. Ntalakas et al., Effect of wave distortion on acoustic emission characterization of cementitious materials. Constr. Build. Mater. 35, 183–190 (2012)
G. Villalobos, Acoustic emission signals resulting from the drying induced fractures of Phyllostachys pubescens bamboo: evidence of scale free phenomena. Wood Sci. Technol. (2016)
I. Ioka, S. Yoda, et al., Behavior of acoustic emission caused by microfracture in polycrystalline graphites. Carbon 28, 879–885 (1990)
N. Ekinaga, K. Tamagawa, H. Takahashi, Acoustic emission characteristics and fracture toughness of artificial graphite electrodes. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 7, 49–54 (1991)
G. Yonga, X. Denghong et al., Identification of damage mechanisms of carbon fiber reinforced silicon carbide composites under static loading using acoustic emission monitoring. Ceram. Int. 45, 13847–13858 (2019)
A. Carpinteri, M. Corrado, G. Lacidogna, Heterogeneous materials in compression: correlations between absorbed, released and acoustic emission energies. Eng. Fail. Anal. 33, 236–250 (2013)
B. Menendez, C. David, M. Darot, A study of the crack network in thermally and mechanically cracked granite samples using confocal scanning laser microscopy. Phys. Chem. Earth Part A: Solid Earth Geod. 24(7), 627–632 (1999)
L. Yang, Y.C. Zhou, C.S. Lu, Damage evolution and rupture time prediction in thermal barrier coatings subjected to cyclic heating and cooling :an acoustic emission method.Acta Mater. 59, 6519–6529 (2011)
T. Ohira, Y.H. Pao, Quantitative characterization of microcracking in A533B steel by acoustic emission. 20(6), 1105–1114 (1989)
L. Yang, H.S. Kang, Y.C. Zhou et al., Frequency as a key parameter in discriminating the failure types of thermal barrier coatings: Cluster analysis of acoustic emission signals. Surf. Coat. Tech. 264, 97–104 (2015)
A. Likas, N. Vlassis, J. Verbeek, The global k-means clustering algorithm. Pattern Recogn. 366(2), 451–461 (2003)
J.A. Lozano, J.M. Pena, P. Larranaga, An empirical comparison of four initialization methods for the k-means algorithm. Pattern Recog. Lett. 20, 1027–1040 (1999)
P.J. Rousseeuw, Silhouettes: a graphical aid to the interpretation and validation of cluster analysis. J. Comput. Appl. Math. 20, 53–65 (1987)
R. Gutkin, C.J. Green et al., On acoustic emission for failure investigation in CFRP: Pattern recognition and peak frequency analyses. Mech. Syst. Signal Process. 25, 1393–1407 (2011)
S. Momon, N. Godin, et al., Unsupervised and supervised classification of AE data collected during fatigue test on CMC at high temperature. Compos: Part A: Appl. Sci. 43, 254–260 (2012)
Y.B. Zhang, P. Liang, et al., Multi-parameter coupling analysis of acoustic emission signal of granite disaster and experimental study on precursory characteristics of main fracture. J. Rock Mech. Eng. 35(11), 2248–2258 (2016) (in Chinese)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Luo, Y., Li, S., Li, C., Liu, X., Li, X. (2021). Acoustic Emissions of Cathode Carbon Block from Aluminum Electrolytic Cell Under Deformation. In: Shen, G., Zhang, J., Wu, Z. (eds) Advances in Acoustic Emission Technology. Springer Proceedings in Physics, vol 259. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9837-1_50
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-9837-1_50
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-15-9836-4
Online ISBN: 978-981-15-9837-1
eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)