Abstract
Red blood cell (RBC) counting is of great medical significance in clinical examination. Commonly, the cell counting task is completed by microscopic examination, which requires a high resolution. This paper proposes an automatic counting system of red blood cells based on Fourier ptychographic microscopy (FPM) and estimates the RBC number via a convolutional neural network (CNN). The counting network is based on a regression model, using a VGG-16 network combined with a feature pyramid network (FPN). The experimental results show that the mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of our counting network can reach 0.86%, which means a high accuracy.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Bian L, Suo J, Zheng G et al (2015) Fourier ptychographic reconstruction using Wirtinger flow optimization. Opt Express 23(4):4856–4866
Dong S, Shiradkar R, Nanda P et al (2014) Spectral multiplexing and coherent-state decom-position in Fourier ptychographic imaging. Biomed Opt Express 5(6):1757–1767
Konda PC, Taylor JM, Harvey AR et al (2018) Parallelized aperture synthesis using multi-aperture Fourier ptychographic microscopy. arXiv: Optics
Lempitsky V, Zisserman A (2010) Learning to count objects in images. Neural information processing systems (NIPS). Curran Associates Inc., Vancouver, pp 1324–1332
Li Z, Zhang J, Wang X et al (2014) High resolution integral holography using Fourier ptychographic approach. Opt Express 22(26):31935–31947
Lin T, Dollar P, Girshick R et al (2017) Feature pyramid networks for object detection. IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR). IEEE, Honolulu, pp 936–944
Mazalan SM, Mahmood NH, Razak MA et al (2013) Automated red blood cells counting in peripheral blood smear image using circular Hough transform. International conference on artificial intelligence, modelling and simulation. IEEE, Kota Kinabalu, pp 320–324
Ou X, Zheng G, Yang C (2014) Embedded pupil function recovery for Fourier ptychographic microscopy. Opt Express 22(5):4960–4972
Pacheco S, Zheng G, Liang R (2016) Reflective Fourier ptychography. J Biomed Opt 21(2):026010.1–026010.6
Reddy VH (2014) Automatic red blood cell and white blood cell counting for telemedicine system. Int J Res Advent Technol 2(1)
Sharif JM, Miswan MF, Ngadi MA et al (2012) Red blood cell segmentation using masking and watershed algorithm: a preliminary study. International conference on biomedical engineering (ICoBE). IEEE, Penang, pp 258–262
Tian L, Waller L (2014) Illumination coding for fast Fourier Ptychography with large field-of-view and high-resolution. In: Frontiers in optics. Optical Society of America, Tucson, pp FW1E-7
Tulsani H, Saxena S, Yadav N (2013) Segmentation using morphological watershed transformation for counting blood cells. IJCAIT 2(3):28–36
Xie Y, Xing F, Kong X et al (2015) Beyond classification: structured regression for robust cell detection using convolutional neural network. International conference on medical image computing and computer-assisted intervention (MICCAI). Springer, Cham, Munich, pp 358–365
Xue Y, Ray N, Hugh J et al (2016) Cell counting by regression using convolutional neural network. European conference on computer vision (ECCV). Springer, Cham, pp 274–290
Yeh LH, Dong J, Zhong J et al (2015) Experimental robustness of Fourier ptychography phase retrieval algorithms. Opt Express 23(26):33214–33240
Zhang Y, Zhou D, Chen S et al (2016) Single-image crowd counting via multi-column convolutional neural network. IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition (CVPR). IEEE, Las Vegas, pp 589–597
Zheng G, Horstmeyer R, Yang C (2013) Wide-field, high-resolution Fourier ptychographic microscopy. Nat Photonics 7(9):739–745
Zhou Y, Wu J, Bian Z et al (2016) Wavelength multiplexed Fourier ptychograhic microscopy. In: Computational optical sensing and imaging. Optical Society of America, Heidelberg, pp CT2D-4
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by Key Laboratory Foundation under Grant TCGZ2020C004
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2021 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Wang, S., Xu, T., Zhang, J., Wang, X., Chen, Y., Zhang, J. (2021). Automatic Counting System of Red Blood Cells Based on Fourier Ptychographic Microscopy. In: Liang, Q., Wang, W., Liu, X., Na, Z., Li, X., Zhang, B. (eds) Communications, Signal Processing, and Systems. CSPS 2020. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 654. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8411-4_119
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8411-4_119
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-15-8410-7
Online ISBN: 978-981-15-8411-4
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)