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Paddy Straw-Based Circular Economy for Sustainable Waste Management

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Handbook of Solid Waste Management

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Abstract

The crop residues and stubbles from agriculture are inevitable products received after harvesting/processing. As the staple food, rice cultivation contributes to ca. 800 million tons of straw at global level. The nutrient-rich biomass demands competent degradation strategies and fruitful use. The cost-effective utilization of paddy straw is found in the production of biochar/hydrochar, producer gas, biogas, power generation, etc. On the contrary, burning rice straw is practiced in many parts of the globe leading to numerous ill effects, viz., release of soot and smoke, greenhouse gas emission, and loss of nutrients. Toward sustainable approach, the paddy straw should be used in all possible ways with the technologies ensuring zero waste and zero harm to the environment. In situ incorporation, composting with help of functional microbes, can be practiced at field level. Further the biomass can be converted to functional carbonized material through either hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) or hydrothermal carbonization (HTC). The low-tech system yields bio-oil and hydrocarbon, respectively. The optimized application of products again to the crop would significantly enhance C status of the soil, reduce GHG emission, and so on. Being abundant in lignin, they can be used as potential feedstock for renewable energy generation like biomethane and bioethanol. To abate the environmental pollution and intensify the soil fertility status, reuse and recycle are the forefront management strategies. Also, paddy straw sets step as valuable tool in the perspective of energy, environment, and economy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

    Kalyanasundaram Geetha Thanuja

  2. Department of Nano Science and Technology, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

    Subramanian Marimuthu

  3. Department of Vegetable Science, Horticultural College and Research Institute for Women, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu, India

    Desikan Ramesh

  4. Department of Renewable Energy Engineering, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

    Subburamu Karthikeyan

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  1. Kalyanasundaram Geetha Thanuja
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  2. Subramanian Marimuthu
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  3. Desikan Ramesh
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  4. Subburamu Karthikeyan
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Correspondence to Subburamu Karthikeyan .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Research and Development Center, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Chinnappan Baskar

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapur, Singapore

    Seeram Ramakrishna

  3. Chemistry and Bioprospecting Division, Forest Research Institute, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

    Shikha Baskar

  4. Department of Science and Technology, Government of India, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Rashmi Sharma

  5. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

    Amutha Chinnappan

  6. Department of Basic science, Sardar Vallabh bahi Patel university of agriculture and technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Rashmi Sehrawat

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  1. Research and Development Center, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, Moradabad, India

    Chinnappan Baskar

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Geetha Thanuja, K., Marimuthu, S., Ramesh, D., Karthikeyan, S. (2021). Paddy Straw-Based Circular Economy for Sustainable Waste Management. In: Baskar, C., Ramakrishna, S., Baskar, S., Sharma, R., Chinnappan, A., Sehrawat, R. (eds) Handbook of Solid Waste Management. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7525-9_35-1

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