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PLA-HAp-CS-Based Biocompatible Scaffolds Prepared Through Micro-Additive Manufacturing: A Review and Future Applications

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3D Printing in Biomedical Engineering

Part of the book series: Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials ((MHFNN))

Abstract

In this work, micro-additive manufacturing (MAM) as processing technique along with mechanical and thermal properties of hydroxyapatite (H) and chitosan (C) reinforcement (micro-sized)in polylactic acid (P) matrix has been reviewed. The biocompatible composite comprising of P–H–C has numerous applications as bone repair materials, which have been processed in two stages in the reported study. The first stage reports use of double-screw extrusion (DSE) process to prepare feedstock filament ready to use on commercial open-source fused filament fabrication (FFF) printer for final processing (second stage). The surface morphology through scanning electron microscope (SEM) reveals the uniform distribution of P–H–C matrix. Further, differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) analysis was performed on P–H–C composite for thermal stability, and it has been established from the case study that the addition of H and C leads to better thermal stability of scaffolds prepared through MAM for possible future applications.

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Abbreviations

PCL:

Polycaprolactone

H:

Hydroxyapatite

P:

Polylactic acid

PEG:

Poly (ethylene glycol)

PHMGCL:

Phenylmagnesium chloride

TCP:

Tricalcium phosphate

PP:

Polypropylene

Al2O3:

Alumina

CaP:

Calcium phosphate

PLLA:

Poly(L-lactic acid)

DEF:

Diethyl fumarate

PU:

Polyurethane

PS:

Polysulfone

PET:

Polyethylene terephthalate

PA:

Polyacetal

PMMA:

Polymethylmethacrylate

PTFE:

Polytetrafluoroethylene

PEEK:

Polyetheretherketone

SR:

Silicone rubber

PE:

Polyethylene

3DP:

3D printing

FSF:

Feedstock filament

MFI:

Melt flow index

Tg:

Glass transition temperature

MT:

Melting temperature

FFF:

Fused filament fabrication

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Acknowledgements

Financial support by SERB (IMRC/AISTDF/R&D/P-10/2017) was received for this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Production Engineering, Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana, 141006, India

    Nishant Ranjan & Rupinder Singh

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Punjabi University, Patiala, India

    Nishant Ranjan & I. P. S. Ahuja

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Pekan, Malaysia

    Mustafizur Rahman

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Sovereign, Singapore

    Seeram Ramakrishna

Authors
  1. Nishant Ranjan
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  2. Rupinder Singh
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  3. I. P. S. Ahuja
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  4. Mustafizur Rahman
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  5. Seeram Ramakrishna
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rupinder Singh .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore

    Sunpreet Singh

  2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India

    Chander Prakash

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technical Teachers Training & Research, Chandigarh, India

    Rupinder Singh

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Ranjan, N., Singh, R., Ahuja, I.P.S., Rahman, M., Ramakrishna, S. (2020). PLA-HAp-CS-Based Biocompatible Scaffolds Prepared Through Micro-Additive Manufacturing: A Review and Future Applications. In: Singh, S., Prakash, C., Singh, R. (eds) 3D Printing in Biomedical Engineering. Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5424-7_10

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