Abstract
Phytochemistry deals with primary and secondary metabolites/chemicals synthesized by the plants. The prime intention of this interdisciplinary branch is to make use of the phytochemicals for the well-being of human, animals, and agriculture. Efforts have been started since long years back to make use of the phytochemicals as medicines, cosmetics, bio-control agents, food, and food additives. Since phytochemistry is an interdisciplinary branch, its development depends also on the scientific and engineering advancements. As a result, the branch “phytochemistry” remained unexplored for a while and a related branch still exists under the label “traditional or folk medicine” even without knowing the active principles that contribute the medicinal effect. This chapter provides a complete guide for the researchers and beginners in the field of phytochemistry. The discussion starts with the initial steps such as plant collection and different processing methods to set up the raw material suitable for extraction. The different approaches to isolate a target molecule from the crude extract are also being discussed in further sections. The purification process requires expertize and deep knowledge about the physicochemical properties of the compounds and the materials used for purification. In this aspect, we described the basics, advancement, and troubleshooting guides for several chromatographic techniques. DART, on the other hand, provides a direct analysis of raw plant materials on a real time basis which practically avoid the elaborated preprocessing and extraction procedures. The sophisticated analytical techniques like GCMS, LCMS, FTIR, NMR, and XRD together provide a strong basement for the structure analysis of the compound of interest.
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Hassan Mohammed, S.A., Tripathi, R., Sreejith, K. (2020). Plant Metabolites: Methods for Isolation, Purification, and Characterization. In: Sukumaran, S.T., Sugathan, S., Abdulhameed, S. (eds) Plant Metabolites: Methods, Applications and Prospects. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5136-9_2
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