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Characterization of Enzyme Immobilization on Novel Supports—Multi-walled Carbon Nanotube and Alginate

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Advances in Nanotechnology and Its Applications

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Abstract

Enzymes are preferred over chemical catalysts in a myriad of applications owing to their high specificity, selectivity and moderate operating conditions. Enzymes in the soluble state are susceptible to instability and difficult in separation. Immobilization of enzyme onto a support increases its physical and thermal stability, reusability and recovery from the reaction broth. Different support materials such as polymers, hydrogels, nanoparticles, nanofibers and nano-scaffolds are being used for enzyme immobilization. Carbon-based nanomaterials have gained high popularity among different support materials. Here, we present the research findings on the immobilization of β-glucosidase onto two novel support materials, i.e., glutaraldehyde-activated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and Ca-alginate beads. The relative merits of the two supports are compared in terms of the performance of the enzyme in each case. β-Glucosidase immobilized on glutaraldehyde-modified MWCNTs exhibited higher residual activity and stability  compared to the enzyme encapsulated in Ca-alginate beads. Kinetic study shows a higher enzyme affinity for the substrate for enzyme immobilized onto MWCNT support compared to Ca-alginate. The overall results demonstrate that despite a general decrease in the enzyme activity due to immobilization, there is greater retention of activity of the immobilized enzyme upon multiple cycles of hydrolysis. This study provides distinct economic advantage of employing nanoparticles as support for enzyme immobilization for large-scale industrial applications.

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Acknowledgements

The research endowment fund grant No. EDW B13-036-0921 by the International Islamic University Malaysia is gratefully acknowledged. The authors thank Elsevier Inc. for granting permission to reproduce figure from the book Methods in Enzymology (Elsevier Inc.) as Fig. 1 in the present manuscript.

Conflict of Interest The authors of this chapter have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, 50728, Gombak, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Ahmad Tariq Jameel, Labiba Mahmud & Faridah Yusof

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  1. Ahmad Tariq Jameel
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  2. Labiba Mahmud
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Correspondence to Ahmad Tariq Jameel .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Ahmad Tariq Jameel

  2. Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia

    Abu Zahrim Yaser

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Jameel, A.T., Mahmud, L., Yusof, F. (2020). Characterization of Enzyme Immobilization on Novel Supports—Multi-walled Carbon Nanotube and Alginate. In: Jameel, A., Yaser, A. (eds) Advances in Nanotechnology and Its Applications. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4742-3_1

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