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Mechanisms of Action of Inhaled Particulates on Allergic Lung Inflammation

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Abstract

The incidence of allergic diseases is on the rise, especially in developed countries, and airborne particulate pollution from fine particulate matter and sand dust has been suggested as a factor in the exacerbation of allergic responses. These particulates function as adjuvants to induce allergic responses such as immunoglobulin E induction and eosinophil activation. This chapter summarizes data on the mechanisms by which particulates stimulate immune responses in the lung, including alveolar macrophage function and interleukin 1α release.

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Abbreviations

DAMP:

damage-associated molecular pattern

iBALT:

inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue

IgE:

   immunoglobulin E

IL:

      interleukin

MyD88:

myeloid differentiation primary response 88

NLRP:

nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain, leucine-rich repeat and pyrin domain-containing

OVA:

  ovalbumin

PAMP:

pathogen-associated molecular pattern

PM2.5:

fine particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 microns

PRR:

    pattern-recognition receptor

Tfh:

   T follicular helper

Th2:

   type 2 T helper

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Immunology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan

    Etsushi Kuroda

  2. Center for Vaccine and Adjuvant Research (CVAR), National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition (NIBIOHN), Osaka, Japan

    Etsushi Kuroda

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  1. Etsushi Kuroda
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Correspondence to Etsushi Kuroda .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Hygiene, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan

    Takemi Otsuki

  2. Department of Medicine and Aging Science (DMSI), University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy

    Mario Di Gioacchino

  3. Department of Medicine and Aging Science (DMSI), University G. d’Annunzio of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy

    Claudia Petrarca

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The author received a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT) and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) (MEXT/JSPS KAKENHI grant numbers JP24591145 and JP16H05256), the Research on Development of New Drugs from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and development (AMED) (grant number 18ak0101068h0002), and the Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) PRESTO (grant number JPMJPR17H4).

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Kuroda, E. (2020). Mechanisms of Action of Inhaled Particulates on Allergic Lung Inflammation. In: Otsuki, T., Di Gioacchino, M., Petrarca, C. (eds) Allergy and Immunotoxicology in Occupational Health - The Next Step. Current Topics in Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4735-5_1

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