Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Research on Visual Fatigue Related to Parallax

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Advances in 3D Image and Graphics Representation, Analysis, Computing and Information Technology

Part of the book series: Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies ((SIST,volume 180))

Abstract

The sense of discomfort when watching stereoscopic display caused by visual fatigue has hindered the widespread applications of 3D display. In this work, we explore the relationship between visual fatigue and parallax in 3D display using objective assessment. The visual fatigue is evaluated after viewing different parallax 3D samples. The results demonstrate that visual fatigue increases faster in negative parallax than positive one. Surprisingly, it indicates that visual fatigue can be achieved less value than 2D display with unconspicuous parallax, which makes subjects feel more comfortable of 3D visual perception than 2D. We envision that this relationship is able to establish a novel criterion in designing stereoscopic images.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Sammons, E.: The World of 3D Movies. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York (1934)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Xiao, P.X., Wang, L.C., Lu, J.J., Xu, S.W., Wu, J.G., Li, Z.J.: Dynamic three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography assists accurate evaluation for left-sided valvular disease. J. Sun Yat-Sen University (Medical Sciences) 29, 353–355 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Meesters, L.M.J., Ijsselsteijn, W.A., Seuntiens, P.J.H.: A survey of perceptual evaluations and requirements of three-dimensional TV. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Video Technol. 14(3), 381–391 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Sheehy, J.B., Wilkinson, M.: Depth perception after prolonged usage of night vision goggles. Aviat. Space Environ. Med. 60(6), 573–579 (1989)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Jeng, W.D., Ouyang,Y., Huang, T.W., Duann, J.R., Chiou, J.C., Tang, Y.S.: Research of accommodative microfluctuations caused by visual fatigue based on liquid crystal and laser displays. Appl. Optics 53(29), 76–84 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Yano, S., Emoto, M.: Two factors in visual fatigue caused by stereoscopic HDTV images. Displays 25(4), 141–150 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Yang, S.N., Schlieski, T., Selmins, B., Cooper, S.C., Doherty, R.A., Corriveau, P.J.: Stereoscopic viewing and reported perceived immersion and symptoms. Optom. Vis. Sci. 89(7), 1068–1080 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Emoto, M., Nojiri, Y., Okano, F.: Changes in fusional vergence limit and its hysteresis after viewing stereoscopic TV. Displays 25(2–3), 67–76 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Shibata, T., Kim, J., Hoffman, D.M., Banks, M.S.: The zone of comfort: predicting visual discomfort with stereo displays. J. Vision 11(8), 11–11 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Speranza, F., Tam, W.J., Renaud, R., Hur, N.: Effect of disparity and motion on visual comfort of stereoscopic images. In: Proceedings of SPIE, vol. 6055, p. 60550B (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Li, J., Li, J., Barkowsky, M., Le Callet, P.: Visual discomfort of stereoscopic 3D videos: influence of 3D motion. Displays 35(1), 49–57 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Yano, S., Ide, S., Mitsuhashi, T., Thwaites, H.: A study of visual fatigue and visual comfort for 3D HDTV/HDTV images. Displays 23(4), 191–201 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Kooi, F.L., Toet, A.: Visual comfort of binocular and 3D displays. Displays 25(2–3), 99–108 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Nojiri, Y., Yamanoue, H., Hanazato, A., Emoto, M., Okano, F.: Visual comfort/discomfort and visual fatigue caused by stereoscopic HDTV viewing. In: Proceedings of SPIE, vol. 5291, pp. 303–313 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Lambooij, M., Ijsselsteijn, W., Fortuin, M., Heynderickx, I.: Visual discomfort and visual fatigue of stereoscopic displays: a review. J. Imaging Sci. Technol. 53(3), 30201-1–30201-14 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Chen, H., Wang, H., Chou, C., Lin, T.: Visual comfort in autostereoscopic display. J. Soc. Inf. Disp. 25(5), 320–330 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Urvoy, M., Barkowsky, M., Le Callet, P.: How visual fatigue and discomfort impact 3D-TV quality of experience: a comprehensive review of technological, psychophysical, and psychological factors. Ann. Telecommun. 68(11–12), 641–655 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Hong, H., Kang, S.H.: Measurement of the lens accommodation in viewing stereoscopic displays. J. Soc. Inf. Disp. 23(1), 19–26 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Patterson, R.: Review paper: human factors of stereo displays: an update. J. Soc. Inf. Disp. 17(12), 987–996 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Inoue, T., Ohzu, H.: Accommodative responses to stereoscopic three-dimensional display. Appl. Opt. 36(19), 4509–4515 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Emoto, M., Niida, T., Okano, F.: Repeated vergence adaptation causes the decline of visual functions in watching stereoscopic television. J. Disp. Technol. 1(2), 328–340 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Tam, W.J., Speranza, F., Yano, S., Shimono, K., Ono, H., et al.: Stereoscopic 3D-TV: visual comfort. IEEE Technol. Broadcast 57(2), 335–346 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Yano, S., Ide, S., Mitsuhashi, T., Thwaites, H.: A study of visual fatigue and visual comfort for 3D HDTV/HDTV images. Displays 23(4), 191–201 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Zou, B., Liu, Y., Guo, M., Wang, Y.: EEG-Based assessment of stereoscopic 3D visual fatigue caused by vergence-accommodation conflict. J. Disp. Technol. 11(12), 1076–1083 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Ye, P., Wu, X., Gao, D., Liang, H., Wang, J., Deng, S., Chen, J.: Comparison of DP3 signals evoked by comfortable 3D images and 2D images—an event-related potential study using an oddball task. Sci. Rep. 7, 43110 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Liu, Y.Z.: Visual fatigue and mitigation for stereoscopic image observation. J. Beijing Univ. Posts Telecommun. 51–58 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This research is supported by Doctoral Start-up Fund of Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2015A030310388) and free-apply Fund of Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (2016A030313333).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Demonstration Center for Experiment Physics Education, School of Physics, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China

    Zihan Sun, Zerui Cheng, Haowen Liang & Jiahui Wang

  2. School of Electronics and Information Technology, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou, China

    Zihan Sun, Zerui Cheng & Hao Jiang

Authors
  1. Zihan Sun
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Zerui Cheng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Haowen Liang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Hao Jiang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Jiahui Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jiahui Wang .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radio Communications and Video Technologies, Technical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria

    Roumen Kountchev

  2. Department of Computer Science and Engineering, SOA University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

    Srikanta Patnaik

  3. Department of Electro-Optical Engineering, Yunnan Normal University, Yunnan, China

    Junsheng Shi

  4. Informatics and Computer Techniques, Reshetnev Siberian State University of Science and Technology, Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia

    Margarita N. Favorskaya

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Sun, Z., Cheng, Z., Liang, H., Jiang, H., Wang, J. (2020). Research on Visual Fatigue Related to Parallax. In: Kountchev, R., Patnaik, S., Shi, J., Favorskaya, M. (eds) Advances in 3D Image and Graphics Representation, Analysis, Computing and Information Technology. Smart Innovation, Systems and Technologies, vol 180. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3867-4_60

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation