Skip to main content

Natural Biological Products from Plants as Rodenticides

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Natural Bioactive Products in Sustainable Agriculture
  • 1118 Accesses

Abstract

Infestation by rodent is considered as one of the main pest problems since it not only affects health but also causes serious damages to agricultural fields and households including transportation business. Numerous methods and approaches to control rodent infestation are being tried, such as environmental, cultural, mechanical, and chemical methods including their combination. It is also possible that in biological control methods the use of reproduction inhibitors or rodent predators or diseases may ultimately be developed for rodent control purposes. Moreover, different kinds of chemicals that are used to control rodents are harmful to mammals particularly human beings. Such control also adds cost to the approach. Due to probable toxicity of the chemical compound, various alternatives like natural extracts should be considered. Hence, the use of plant natural extracts as a rat repellent practice may be an improved alternative approach. Various natural extracts are experimented on different rat species in a behavioral mode of study. These kinds of natural products are easily available in present society and have no adverse effect on environment and mammals. The rodenticidal effects of many plant extracts solved by various chemical substances could be deliberated upon under various conditions, and that has given very satisfactorily outcome. It is very possible to implement these results in problematic areas. We can, therefore, accomplish that such natural extracts can deter the rodents. Still, some more studies need to be carried out to see whether these extracts are of practical use.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Adhikary P, Banerji J, Chowdhury D, Das AK, Deb CC, Mukherjee SR et al (1989) Antifertility effect of Piper betle Linn. extract on ovary and testis of albino-rats. Indian J Exp Biol 27:868–870

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Afifi FA, Gomaa AA, Zidan ZH, Fam EZ, Ahmed SMSS (1992) Preliminary evaluation of chemical constituents in certain bioactive plant extracts. Arab Univ J Agric Sci Ain-Shams Univ Cairo 1(1):97–111

    Google Scholar 

  • Al-Adhroey AH, Nor ZM, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Amran AA, Mahmud R (2011) Antimalarial activity of methanolic leaf extract of Piper betle L. Molecules 16:107–118

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Angel A, Wanless RM, Cooper J (2009) Review of impacts of the introduced house mouse on islands in the Southern Ocean: are mice equivalent to rats. Biol Invasions 11:1743–1754

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beloin N, Gbeassor M, Akpagana K, Hudson J, de Soussa K, Koumaglo K et al (2005) Ethnomedicinal uses of Momordica charantia (Cucurbitaceae) in Togo and relation to its phytochemistry and biological activity. J Ethnopharmacol 96:49–55

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bordes F, Blasdell K, Morand S (2015) Transmission ecology of rodent borne diseases: new frontiers. Integr Zool 10:424–435

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Buckle AP, Eason ET (2015) Control methods: chemical. In: Buckle AP, Smith RH (eds) Rodent pests and their control, 2nd edn. Cab International, Wallingford, pp 123–154

    Google Scholar 

  • Buckle AP, Smith RH (2015) Rodent pests and their control, 2nd edn. CAB International, Wallingford, 422 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Chan WY, Tam PPL, Yeung HW (1984) The termination of early pregnancy in the mouse by beta-momorcharin. Contraception 29:91–100

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chan WY, Tam PPL, Choi HL, Ng TB, Yeung HW (1986) Effects of momorcharins on the mouse embryo at the early organogenesis stage. Contraception 34:537–544

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chinoy NJ, Dilip T, Harsha J (1995) Effect of Carica papaya seed extract on female rat ovaries and uteri. Phytother Res 9:169–175

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chinoy NJ, Joshi H, Ghosh S (1997) Antifertility investigations of alcoholic papaya seed extract in female rats. J Med Arom Plant Sci 19:422–426

    Google Scholar 

  • Choudhuri D, Adhikary P, Banerji J, Jana S, Chatterjee A, Mukherjee SR (1991) Pregnancy interceptive effect of Piper betle. Fitoterapia 62:397–402

    Google Scholar 

  • Conn PM, Crowley WFJ (1991) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone and its analogues. New Engl J Med 32:93–103

    Google Scholar 

  • Coulson G, Nave CD, Shaw G, Renfree MB (2008) Long-term efficacy of levonorgestrel implants for fertility control of eastern grey kangaroos (Macropus giganteus). Wildl Res 35:520–524

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Croxatto HB (2000) Progestin implants. Steroids 65:681–685

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Delattre P, Giraudoux P, Baudry J, Musard P, Toussaint M, Truchetet D, Stahl P, Poule ML, Artois M, Damange JP, Quéré JP (1992) Land use patterns and types of common vole (Microtus arvalis) population kinetics. Agric Ecosyst Environ 39:153–168

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dhaliwal PK, Roop JK, Guraya SS (1998) Antifertility activity of neem seed oil in cyclic female rats. In: Dhaliwal P, Roop J, Guraya S (eds) Ecological Agriculture and Sustainable Development. Centre for Research in Rural and Industrial Development, Chandigarh, pp 340–346

    Google Scholar 

  • Dhaliwal PK, Roop JK, Guraya SS (1999) Effect of neem-seed oil on the quantitative aspects of follicular development in cyclic female rats. Indian J Ecol 26:162–166

    Google Scholar 

  • Dosumu OO, Akinola OB, Oremosu AA, Noronha CC, Okanlawon AO (2008) Antifertility effects of the aqueous extract of Carica papaya (Linn.) seeds on estrous cycle and ovulation of adult cyclic Sprague–Dawley rats. Niger J Hlth Biomed Sci 7:31–33

    Google Scholar 

  • Doungboupha B, Aplin KP, Singleton GR (2003) Rodent outbreaks in the uplands of Laos: analysis of historical patterns and the identity of nuukhii. ACIAR Monogr Ser 96:103–111

    Google Scholar 

  • Eason CT, Murphy EC, Wright GRG, Spurr EB (2002) Assessment of risks of brodifacoum to non-target birds and mammals in New Zealand. Ecotoxicology 11:35–48

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Eisemann J, Swift C, Dunlevy P, Pitt W, Witmer G (2010) Regulatory and policy issues around non-target mortality and environmental fate of rodenticides. In: Timm RM, Fegerstone K (eds) Proceedings of the 24th vertebrate Pest conference, 24th vertebrate pest conference, Sacramento, 22–25 Feb, pp 208–212

    Google Scholar 

  • EL-Gengaihi SE, Dimetry NZ, Mohamed SM (1997) Chemical and biological investigation of harmal plant. 2-Alkaloidal investigation. J Appl Entomol 12(3):165–167

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fellows LE (1979) Plant secondary compounds as a chemical defense. In: Wright EN (ed) Bird problems in Agriculture, pp 188–195

    Google Scholar 

  • Freedman BJ, Nowak J, Kwolek WF (1979) A bioassay for plant derived pest control agent using the European Comborer. J Econ Entomol 72:45–54

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gabr WM, Khidr FK, Hegab AM (2004) Evaluation of osher crude plant extract as a rodenticide under laboratory and field conditions. Zagazig J Agric Res 31(4A):1607–1616

    Google Scholar 

  • Ganguly M, Devi N, Mahanta R, Borthakur MK (2007) Effect of Mimosa pudica root extract on vaginal estrous and serum hormones for screening of antifertility activity in albino mice. Contraception 76:482–485

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gbotolorun SC, Osinubi AA, Noronha CC, Okanlawon AO (2008) Antifertility potential of Neem flower extract on adult female Sprague–Dawley rats. Afr Hlth Sci 8:168–173

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Geduhn A, Jacob J, Schenke D, Keller B, Kleinschmidt S, Esther A (2015) Relation between intensity of biocide practice and residues of anticoagulant rodenticides in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes). PLoS One 10:e0139191

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Herbert CA, Trigg TE, Cooper DW (2006) Fertility control in female eastern grey kangaroos using the GnRH agonist deslorelin. 1. Effects on reproduction. Wild Res 33:41–46

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Homady MH, Khleifat KM, Tarawneh KA, Al-Raheil IA (2002) Reproductive toxicity and infertility effect of Ferula hormonis extracts in mice. Theriogenology 57:2247–2256

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hussein HI (1991) Rodenticidal properties of cardenolides crude extracts isolated from sodom Apple calotropis procera. Ph. D. Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture Alex University

    Google Scholar 

  • Huynh PN, Hikim APS, Wang C, Stefonovic K, Lue YH, Leung A et al (2000) Long term effects of Triptolide on spermatogenesis, epididymal sperm function, and fertility in male rats. J Androl 21:689–699

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jacob J, Buckle A (2018) Use of anticoagulant rodenticides in different applications around the world. In: van den Brink NW, Elliott JE, Shore RF, Rattner BA (eds) Anticoagulant rodenticides and wildlife. Springer, Cham, pp 11–43. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64377-9_2

  • John A (2014) Rodent outbreaks and rice pre-harvest losses in Southeast Asia. Food Secur 6:249–260

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Joshi H, Chinoy NJ (1996) Reversible antifertility effects of benzene extract of papaya seed on female rats. Phytother Res 10:327–328

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Keshri G, Lakshmi V, Singh MM (2003) Pregnancy interceptive activity of Melia azedarach Linn. in adult female Sprague–Dawley rats. Contraception 68:303–306

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Keshri G, Bajpai M, Lakshmi V, Setty BS, Gupta G (2004) Role of energy metabolism in the pregnancy interceptive action of Ferula asafoetida and Melia azedarach extracts in rat. Contraception 70:429–432

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kholkute SD, Chatterjee S, Udupa KN (1976) Effect of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn on estrous-cycle and reproductive organs in rats. Indian J Exp Biol 14:703–704

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Leirs H, Stenseth NC, Nichols JD, Hines JE, Verhagen R, Verheyen W (1997) Stochastic seasonality and nonlinear density-dependent factors regulate population size in an African rodent. Nature 389:176–180

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lue Y, Hikim APS, Wang C, Leung A, Baravarian S, Reutrakul V et al (1998) Triptolide: a potential male contraceptive. J Androl 19:479–486

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mandal R, Dhaliwal PK (2007) Antifertility effect of Melia azedarach Linn. (dharek) seed extract in female albino rats. Indian J Exp Biol 45:853–860

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marsh RE (1988) Rodent problems on the north American continent. In: Prakash I (ed) Rodent pest management. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, pp 1–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Meerburg BG, Singleton GR, Kijlstra A (2009) Rodent-borne diseases and their risks for public health. Crit Rev Microbiol 35:221–270

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Miller LA, Johns BE, Elias DJ (1998) Immunocontraception as a wildlife management tool: some perspectives. Wild Soc Bull 26:237–243

    Google Scholar 

  • Morovati M, Mahmoudi M, Ghazi-Khansari M, Aria AK, Jabbari L (2008) Sterility and abortive effects of the commercial neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) extract Neem Azal-T/S (R) on female rat (Rattus norvegicus). Turk J Zool 32:155–162

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Murthy DRK, Reddy CM, Patil SB (1997) Effect of benzene extract of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis on the estrous cycle and ovarian activity in albino mice. Biol Pharm Bull 20:756–758

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ng TB, Tam PPL, Hon WK, Choi HL, Yeung HW (1988) Effects of momorcharins on ovarian response to gonadotropin-induced superovulation in mice. Int J Fert 33:123–128

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nogeire T, Lawler J, Schumaker N, Cypher B, Phhillips S (2015) Land use as a driver of patterns of rodenticide exposure in modeled kit fox populations. PLoS One 10. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133351

  • Nowak R (1999) Walker’s mammals of the world, vol II, 6th edn. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, 1936 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Oji O, Madubuik FN, Ojimelukwa PC, Ibed CM (1994) Rodenticide potential of Thervetia peruviana. J Herbs Species Med Plants 2(3):3–10

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Parshad VR (1999) Rodent control in India. Integr Pest Manag Rev 4:97–126

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pelz H (2007) Spread of resistance to anticoagulant rodenticides in Germany. Int J Pest Manag 53(4):299–302

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pimentel D, Zuniga R, Morrison D (2005) Update on the environmental and economic costs associated with alien-invasive species in the United States. Ecol Econ 52:273–288

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pin KY, Chuah AL, Rashih AA, Mazura MP, Fadzureena J, Vimala S et al (2010) Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of extracts of betel leaves (Piper beetle) from solvents with different polarities. J Trop For Sci 22:448–455

    Google Scholar 

  • Pitt W, Berensten A, Shiels A, Volker S, Eisemann J, Wegmann A, Howald G (2015) Non-target species mortality and the measurement of brodifacoum rodenticide residues after a rat (Rattus rattus) eradication on Palmyra atoll, Tropical Pacific. Biol Conserv 185:36–46

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prakash I (1988) Rodent pest management. CRC Press, Boca Raton, 480 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Prakash AO, Jonathan S (1996) Effect of hexane extract of Ferula jaeschkeana on the reproductive organs in cyclic female rats. Philipp J Sci 125:129–146

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Prakash AO, Pathak S (1994) Inhibition of beta-glucuronidase activity in rat uterus during implantation by feeding Ferula jaeschkeana extract. Int J Pharmacognosy 32:362–365

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Prakash AO, Sharma M (1997) Morphological and functional consequences in the reproductive organs of immature rats exposed to multiple administration of Ferula jaeschkeana extract. Phytother Res 11:1–5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Proulx G (2014) On the misuse of pesticides to control northern pocket gophers and Richardson’s ground squirrels in agriculture and the pressing need for sustainable solutions. In: Holroyd GL, Trefry AJ, Crockett B (eds) Proceedings of the 10th prairie conservation and endangered species conference, engaging people in conservation, 10th prairie conservation and endangered species conference, Red Deer, 19–22 Feb, pp 134–157

    Google Scholar 

  • Qureshi MA, Qureshi NM, Arshad R, Begum R (1991) A study on the antisperm activity in extracts from different parts of Calotropis procera. Pak J Zool 23(2):161–166

    Google Scholar 

  • Raji Y, Morakinyo AO, Oloyo AK, Akinsomisoye OS, Olufadekemi T, Kunle-Alabi T et al (2005) Impact of the chloroform extract of Carica papaya seed on oestrous cycle and fertility in female albino rats. J Med Sci (Pakistan) 5:337–343

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rattner B, Horak K, Lazarus R, Eisenreich K, Meteyer C, Volker S, Campton C, Eisemann J, Johnston J (2012) Assessment of toxicity and potential risk of the anticoagulant rodenticide diphacinone using eastern screech-owls (Megascopsasio). Ecotoxicology 21:832–846

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rattner BA, Horak KE, Lazarus RS, Goldade DA, Johnston J (2014a) Toxicokinetics and coagulopathy threshold of the rodenticide diphacinone in eastern screech-owls (Megascopsasio). Environ Toxicol Chem 33(1):74–81

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rattner BA, Lazarus RS, Elliott JE, Shore RF, van den Brink N (2014b) Adverse outcome pathway and risks of anticoagulant rodenticides to predatory wildlife. Environ Sci Technol 48:8422–8445

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roop JK, Dhaliwal PK, Guraya SS (2005) Extracts of Azadirachta indica and Melia azedarach seeds inhibit folliculogenesis in albino rats. Braz J Med Biol Res 38:943–947

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Saleem R, Rani R, Ahmed M, Sadaf F, Ahmad SI, ul Zafar N et al (2008) Effect of cream containing Melia azedarach flowers on skin diseases in children. Phytomedicine 15:231–236

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Saleh MA, Ibrahim NA, EL-bolok MM, Abdel-salam EA (1986) Insecticidal activity of selected Egyptian wild plants. Bull Fac Agric Cairo Univ 37(1):517–525

    Google Scholar 

  • Samudram P, Vasuki R, Rajeshwari H, Geetha A, Moorthi PS (2009) Antioxidant and antihepatotoxic activities of ethanolic crude extract of Melia azedarach and Piper longum. J Med Plants Res 3:1078–1083

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmutterer H (1981) Some properties of components of the neem tree (Azadirachta indica) and their use in pest control in developing countries. Mededelingen Van de facultetlandbouweten, Schappen. Rijksuniversiteit Gent 46(1):39–47

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shail KC, Pramod VP, Beena K, Tulsidas GS (2006) Extract of Azadirachta indica (neem) leaf induces apoptosis in rat oocytes cultured in vitro. Fert Sterility 85:1223–1231

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharanabasappa A, Vijayakumar B, Patil SB (2002) Effect of Momordica charantia seed extracts on ovarian and uterine activities in albino rats. Pharm Biol 40:501–507

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sharma JD, Sharma L, Yadav P (2007) Antifertility efficacy of Piper beetle Linn (petiole) on female albino rats. Asian J Exp Sci 21:145–150

    Google Scholar 

  • Singleton GR, Leirs H, Hinds LA, Zhang Z (1999) Ecologically-based management of rodent pests – re-evaluating our approach to an old problem. In: Singleton GR, Hinds LA, Leirs H, Zhang Z (eds) Ecologically-based management of rodent pests. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, Canberra, pp 17–29

    Google Scholar 

  • Singleton GR, Hinds LA, Krebs CJ, Spratt DM (2003) Rats, mice and people: rodent biology and management. Clarus Design, Canberra, 564 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Singleton GR, Brown PR, Jacob J, Aplin KP (2007) Unwanted and unintended effects of culling: a case for ecologically-based rodent management. Integr Zool 2:247–259

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Singleton GR, Belmain S, Brown P, Hardy B (eds) (2010) Rodent outbreaks: ecology and impacts. International Rice Institute, Los Banos, 289 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Sridhar MG, Vinayagamoorthi R, Suyambunathan VA, Bobby Z, Selvaraj N (2008) Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) improves insulin sensitivity by increasing skeletal muscle insulin-stimulated IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation in high-fat-fed rats. Br J Nutr 99:806–812

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tigner JR (1966) Chemically treated multiwall tarps and bags tested for rat repellency. J Environ Manag 30(1):180–184

    Google Scholar 

  • Timm R (1994). Active ingredients. In: Hygnstrom SE, Timm RM, Larson GE (eds) Prevention and control of wildlife damage, Cooperative Extension Division, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, pp G-23–G-61

    Google Scholar 

  • Tran TT, Hinds LA (2012) Fertility control of rodent pests: a review of the inhibitory effects of plant extracts on ovarian function. Pest Manag Sci 69:342–354

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Valsala S, Karpagaganapathy PR (2002) Effect of Mimosa pudica root powder on oestrous cycle and ovulation in cycling female albino rat, Rattus norvegicus. Phytother Res 16:190–192

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Weeks JR (1959) Laboratory testing of rat repellents, quantitative evaluation of repellency of chemical coatings on paperboard. J Agric Food Chem 7(3):193–196

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Witmer G, Eisemann JD (2007) Rodenticide use in rodent management in the United States: an overview. In: Nolte DL, Arjo WM, Stalman D (eds) Proceedings of the 12th wildlife damage management conference, 12th wildlife damage management conference, Corpus Christi, 9–12 Apr 2007, pp 114–118

    Google Scholar 

  • Witmer G, Pitt W (2012) Invasive rodents in the United States: ecology, impacts, and management. In: Blanco J, Fernandes A (eds) Invasive species: threats, ecological impact and control methods. Nova Science Publishers, New York, pp 47–75

    Google Scholar 

  • Witmer G, Singleton G (2012) Sustained agriculture: the need to manage rodent damage. In: Triunveri A, Scalise D (eds) Rodents: habitat, pathology, and environmental impact. Nova Science Publishers, Inc., New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Witmer G, Eisemann JD, Howald G (2007) The use of rodenticides for conservation efforts. In: Nolte DL, Arjo WM, Stalman D (eds) Proceedings of the 12th wildlife damage management conference, 12th wildlife damage management conference, Corpus Christi, 9–12 Apr 2007, pp 160–167

    Google Scholar 

  • World Health Organization (WHO) Geneva (1988) Chapter 15 Environmental control on board ship. In: International Medical Guide for Ships Including the Ship’s medicine chest. 2nd ed. pp 283–295. Switzerland

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang Z-B, Liao L-F, Wang S-Q, Cao X-P, Wang F-S, Wang C et al (2004) Effect of a contraceptive compound (EP-1) on fertility of female Brandt’s voles, gray hamsters and mid-day gerbils. Acta ZoolSinica 50:341–347

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Anis Mirza .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Singh, J., Mirza, A. (2020). Natural Biological Products from Plants as Rodenticides. In: Singh, J., Yadav, A. (eds) Natural Bioactive Products in Sustainable Agriculture. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3024-1_11

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics