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Gut Microbiota and Neurologic Diseases and Injuries

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Gut Microbiota and Pathogenesis of Organ Injury

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1238))

Abstract

The brain–gut axis is a bidirectional communication pathway connecting the central nervous system (CNS) and the gastrointestinal tract via nerve transmission, hormone, immune system, and other molecular signals. The bacterial flora of the human gut contributes direct and indirect signals to the CNS along the brain–gut axis. Alterations in gut flora, a state known as dysbiosis, has been tied to systemic inflammation, increased bacterial translocation, and increased absorbance of microbial by-products. An increase in recent literature has highlighted the role of the gut–brain axis in CNS pathology. This chapter reviews the association between gut flora dysbiosis and disorders of the central nervous system including autoimmune disease, developmental disorders, physiologic response to traumatic injury, and neurodegenerative disease.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas Health Science Center School of Medicine, San Antonio, TX, USA

    T. Tyler Patterson

  2. Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA

    Ramesh Grandhi

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  1. Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

    Peng Chen

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Tyler Patterson, T., Grandhi, R. (2020). Gut Microbiota and Neurologic Diseases and Injuries. In: Chen, P. (eds) Gut Microbiota and Pathogenesis of Organ Injury. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1238. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2385-4_6

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