Abstract
Primarily, any electrical system is an assemblage of various electrical components which are interconnected in a specified manner to perform a specialized function. An electric system can be as simple as a torch on one hand and it can be as abstruse as a spacecraft, on the other. Detailed coverage of all these electrical systems is beyond the purview of this book and hence, a pragmatic review has been made to put together developments related to monitoring techniques of electrical power transmission systems here. This system performs a distinguishing role of ensuring reliable power supply for the utilization by consumers for various applications. The preponderance of faults can be minimized by monitoring certain critical parameters and predicting a fault before it is going to actually happen. In this chapter, an electric power transmission system is branched into Power Transformers, Transmission Lines, Power Transmission Towers and Protective Relays. The primarily focus has been laid to highlight perspective view on the techniques which assist in the development of health prognosis-based (or condition-based) maintenance tools and practices to safeguard the health of these systems in large interest of utilities.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
S. Tenbohlen, F. Figel, On-line condition monitoring of power transformers, in IEEE Power Engineering Society Winter Meeting, Vol. 3 (2000), pp. 2211–2216
P.A. Reddy, B.S. Rajpurohit, On-line monitoring of winding parameters for single-phase transformers, in 2014 IEEE 6th India International Conference on Power Electronics (2014), pp. 1–4
C. Roy, P. Suresh Babu, Condition monitoring approaches of a transformer. J. Electr. Eng. 204–215 (2017)
X. Zhang, E. Gockenbach, Asset-management of transformers based on condition monitoring and standard diagnosis. IEEE Electr. Insul. Mag. 24(4), 26–40 (2008)
Y. Han, Y.H. Song, Condition monitoring techniques for electrical equipment—a literature survey. IEEE Trans. Power Delivery 18, 4–13 (2003)
M. Schaefer, R. Kutzner, K. Feser, Condition monitoring system for power transformers, in IEEE Conference on Power System Technology, Vol 3, pp. 1701–1705 (2000)
T. Leibfried, Online monitors keep transformers in service. IEEE Comput. Appl. Power 11, 36–42 (1998)
R. Ahmad, An overview of time-based and condition-based maintenance in industrial application. Comput. Ind. Eng. 63(1), 135–149 (2012)
L. Li, X. Longjun, Y. Zhang Deng, G. Yafeng Bin, L. Fuchang, Condition assessment of power transformers using a synthetic analysis method based on association rule and variable weight coefficients. IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. 20(6), 2052–2060 (2013)
A. Abu-Siada, S. Islam, A novel online technique to detect power transformer winding faults. IEEE Trans. Power Delivery, 849–857 (2012)
Article Available, https://www.spectrosci.com/resource-center/lubrication-analysis/literature/e-guides/guide-to-measuring-water-in-oil/
Article available, http://hpst.cz/sites/default/files/attachments/5991-0672en-voda-v-turninovem-oleji.pdf
D. Jasper, D. Sarkar, N.K. Roy, Development of an automated break down voltage test set. IEEE CATCON, 279–282 (2017)
Article available at http://www.electricalidea.com/testing-transformer-oil/
Article available at https://www.barnardhealth.us/food-emulsions/table-51.html
ASTM, Standard Test Method for Interfacial Tension of Oil Against Water by the Ring Method, D971–12 (2012)
Julian McClements, Interfacial properties and their characterization, Contemporary Food Science (2004)
R.A. Ghunem, K. Assaleh, A.H. El-Hag, Artificial neural networks with stepwise regression for predicting transformer oil furan content. IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. 19, 414–420 (2012)
N.A. Bakar, A. Abu-Siada, S. Islam, A review of dissolved gas analysis measurement and interpretation technique. IEEE Electr. Insulat. Mag. 30 (2014)
J.C. Dennison, on M. Trout, Transformer oil DGA monitoring technology study 2015, in IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition (T&D), pp. 1–5 (2016)
S. Koroglu, A case study on fault detection in power transformers using dissolved gas analysis and electrical test methods. J. Electr. Syst. 12(3), 442–459 (2016)
A. Priti Gite, S. Sindekar, Investigating mechanical integrity in power transformer using sweep frequency response analysis (Sfra), in IEEE International Conference on Electrical (2017), pp. 1–6
K. Ludwikowski, K. Siodla, Investigation of transformer model winding deformation using sweep frequency response analysis. IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. 19(6), 1957–1961 (2012)
M. Brandt, M. Gutten, T. Koltunowicz, P. Zukowski, Analysis of winding fault in electric machines by frequency method, IEEE Transaction on 2018 Elektro (2018), pp. 1–4
H.-T. Wu, C.-Q. Jiao, X. Cui, X.-F. Liu, J.-F. Ji, Transient electromagnetic disturbance induced on the ports of intelligent component of electronic instrument transformer due to switching operations in 500 kV GIS substations. IEEE Access 5104–5112 (2017)
G.M. Kennedy, A.J. McGrail, J.A. Lapworth, Transformer sweep frequency response analysis (SFRA). Article Published in October 2007
M. Bagheri, M. Salay Naderi, T. Blackburn, Advanced transformer winding deformation diagnosis: moving from off-line to on-line. IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insul. 19, 1860–1870 (2012)
M.A. Sathya, A.J. Thomas, S. Usa, Prediction of transformer winding displacement from frequency response characteristics, in 2013 IEEE 1st International Conference on Condition Assessment Techniques in Electrical Systems (CATCON) (2013), pp. 303–307
M. Bagheri, B. Phung, T. Blackburn, Transformer frequency response analysis: mathematical and practical approach to interpret mid-frequency oscillations. IEEE Trans. Dielectr. Electr. Insulat. 20(6) (2013)
M. Nafar, B. Bahmanifirouzi, M. Jabbari, Transformer monitoring by using vibration analysis. Australian J. Basic Appl. Sci. 5(11), 984–990 (2011)
B.S. Munir, J.J. Smit, Evaluation of various transformations to extract characteristic parameters from vibration signal monitoring of power transformer, in 2011 Electrical Insulation Conference (EIC) (2011), pp. 289–293
R. Rinaldi, Diagnosing winding and core condition of power transformer by vibration signal analysis, in 2012 IEEE International Conference on Condition Monitoring and Diagnosis (2012), pp. 429–432
L. Bowei, M. Hai, Z. Lixing, On-line monitoring of transformer vibration and noise based on DC magnetic bias, in 2013 Fourth International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Engineering Applications, pp. 412–416, November 2013
J. Karel, F. Monhart, Noise measurement diagnostics for large electric machines, in IEEE International Conference on Diagnostics in Electrical Engineering (Diagnostika), pp. 1–4 (2018)
S. Goel, A. Akula, R. Ghosh, B.S. Surjan, Condition monitoring of transformer using oil and winding temperature analysis, in IEEE Conference on Electrical, pp. 496–500 (2016)
S. Anoop, K. Ilango, A. Dhieep, C. Thomas, J. Jose, A. Kumar, P.R. Ajith, Thermal stress monitoring and pre-fault detection system in power transformers using fibre optic technology, in 2017 International Conference on Intelligent Computing, Instrumentation and Control Technologies (ICICICT) (2017), pp. 886–891
P. Mercy, N. Uma Maheswari, S. Deepika Devi, V. Dhamodharan, Wireless protection and monitoring of power transformer using PIC, IJCSMC, 4(3), 0634–640 (2015)
T.K. Roy, T.K. Roy, Implementation of IoT: smart maintenance for distribution transformer using MQTT, in 2018 International Conference on Computer, Communication, Chemical, Material and Electronic Engineering (IC4ME2) (2018), pp. 1–4
R.K. Aggarwal, A.T. Johns, J.A.S.B Jayasinghe, W. Su, An overview of the condition monitoring of overhead lines. Electr. Power Syst. Res. (2000)
V.S. Murthy, D.K. Mohanta, S. Gupta, Power system insulator condition monitoring automation using mean shift tracker-FIS combined approach. Int. J. Comput. Aided Eng. Technol. (2013)
S. Wang, X. Jiang, Progress in research on ice accretion on overhead transmission lines and its influence on mechanical and insulating performance, in Springer Link Conference on Frontiers of Electrical And Electronic Engineering (2012), pp. 326–336
X. Huang, X. Wei, A new on-line monitoring technology of transmission line conductor icing, in 2012 IEEE International Conference on Condition Monitoring And Diagnosis (2012), pp. 581–585
W.Q. Jiang, H. Li, Z. Wang, On-line monitoring of transmission lines in mining cave-ins area, in 2012 Asia-Pacific Power and Energy Engineering Conference, pp. 1–4 (2012)
K. Yu, L. Xie, Y. Liu, X. Zeng, Y. Gu, An online de-icing method based on single-phase grounding fault current for distribution lines, in 2018 International Conference on Power System Technology (POWERCON), pp. 3796–3800 (2018)
Y. Zhou, S. Niu, J. Lü, L. Zhou, Meteorological conditions of ice accretion based on real-time observations of high voltage transmission line. Springer Link Conference on Chinese Science Bulletin 57, 812–818 (2012)
C.F. Barbosa, F.E. Nallin, Corrosion detection robot for energized power lines, in Proceedings of the 2014 3rd International Conference On Applied Robotics for the Power Industry (2014)
K.J. Stevens et al. Conductor Damage Inspection System For Overhead ACSR Power Cables Cdis On Acsr”, In 2013 Seventh International Conference On Sensing Technology (Icst), 2013
V.T. Morgan, Effect of elevated temperature operation on the tensile strength of overhead conductors. IEEE Trans. Power Delivery 11(1), 345–352 (1996)
Meng Zhang, Guifeng Zhao, Jie Li. Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis of High-Voltage Overhead Transmission Lines, Shock and Vibration, Volume 2018, 35 pages 2018
Xinbo Huang, Yu Zhao, Long Zhao, A Vibration-Based Monitoring System For Transmission Tower Settlement”, 2018 Condition Monitoring And Diagnosis (Cmd), Pp. 1–4, 2018
Tower Design, Document Available https://Powerline.Net.In/2017/10/03/Tower-Design/
Wang Zhang-Qi, Jiang Wen-Qiang, The Influence Of Tower Foundation Settlement On The Sag And Stress Of Overhead Lines”, 2009 International Conference On Energy And Environment Technology, pp. 340–343, 2009
N. Harid, A.C. Bogias, H. Griffiths, S. Robson, A. Haddad, A Wireless System For Monitoring Leakage Current In Electrical Substation Equipment. IEEE Access 4, 2965–2975 (2016)
Jiang Xiang-Dong, Tang Yu-Liang, Lei Ying, “Wireless Sensor Networks In Structural Health Monitoring Based On Zigbee Technology,” IEEE International Conference On Anti-Counterfeiting, Security, And Identification In Communication (Asid), Pp. 449 – 452, 2009
Ataide R., Castro A., Sousa M., De Souza R.M., Klautau A., “Sensor Network For Structural Health Monitoring: Online Monitoring Of Transmission Line Towers”, Conference On Xi Microelectronics Students Forum, Dec 2011
G. Zhan-Feng, D. Yan-Liang, S. Mu-Biao, C. Biaoping, “Network Sensor And Its Application In Structure Health Monitoring System”. First International Conference On Innovative Computing, Information And Control 1, 68–71 (2006)
F. Necati Catbas, Melih Susoy, Dan M.Frangopo, “Structural Health Monitoring And Reliability Estimation: Long Span Truss Bridge Application With Environmental Monitoring Data”, Volume 30, Issue 9, Pp. 2347–2359, September 2008
Yu-liang, Tang, Luo Yu, Huang Lian-fen, Guo Jian, and Lei Ying. “Wireless sensor network for on-line structural health monitoring”, 2012 7th International Conference on Computer Science & Education (ICCSE), pp. 386–389, 2012
Alex Myers, Md Anam Mahmud, Ahmed Abdelgawad, Kumar Yelamarthi. “Toward integrating Structural Health Monitoring with Internet of Things (IoT)”, 2016 IEEE International Conference on Electro Information Technology (EIT), pp. 19–21, 2016
Yinggang Nan, Wenping Xie, Li Min, Shunshuo Cai, Xiaoyong Chen, Tuan Guo, “Optical Fiber Sensing System For Online Monitoring Wind-Induced Vibration On Power Transmission Tower Survey”, 2018 Asia Communications And Photonics Conference (Acp), pp.. 1–4, 2018
Yasui, H., Marukawa, H., Momomura, Y., Ohkuma, T., “Analytical Study On Wind-Induced Vibration Of Power Transmission Towers”, Elsevier Conference On Journal Of Wind Engineering And Industrial Aerodynamics, Pp. 431–441, 1999
F. Xiao, Z. Zhang, X. Yin, J. Ji, G. Chen, Study of maintenance strategy of relay protection system based on condition Monitoring, in 2015 50th International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC) (2015)
Is 3231–1-1 (1986): Electrical Relays For Power System Protection, Part 1: General Requirements, Section 1: Contact Performance [Etd 35: Power Systems Relays]
J.J. Kumm, M.S. Weber, D. Hou, E.O. Schweitzer, “Predicting The Optimum Routine Test Interval For Protective Relays” IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Volume: 10, Issue: 2, Apr 1995
D. Velaga Sreerama Murthy, Mohanta, Power system insulator condition monitoring automation using mean shift tracker-Fis combined approach. Int. J. Comput. Aided Eng. Technol. 5(1) (2013)
R. Cimadevilla, I. Garcia, Improvements in the operation of a distance relay during resistive faults, in 2014 67th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers (2014), pp. 132–135
Y. Zheng, J. Cai, Z. Zhou, Research review and application prospect of secondary equipment condition monitoring, in 2016 International Conference on Smart Grid and Clean Energy Technologies (ICSGCE) (2016), pp. 290–295
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Patil, A.J., Singh, A., Jarial, R.K. (2020). Introduction to Condition Monitoring of Electrical Systems. In: Malik, H., Iqbal, A., Yadav, A. (eds) Soft Computing in Condition Monitoring and Diagnostics of Electrical and Mechanical Systems. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1096. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1532-3_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1532-3_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-15-1531-6
Online ISBN: 978-981-15-1532-3
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)