Abstract
Urbanisation is a process common in the today’s world where the shift from the agriculture-based economy to the tertiary sector-based economy has been in a rapid pace. The reason behind this is the development race. Rapid urbanisation is characterised growth of urban areas which change the environmental settings which results in some adversaries affecting human health. One such is the Urban Heat Island. This phenomenon results due to an increase in the number of concrete structures at the cost of depleting green cover. In this phenomenon, the temperature (both atmospheric and surface) of the urban areas remains higher than their surrounding rural areas. The effect of the Urban Heat Island is thermal discomfort felt by the urban people which even results in other medical conditions. The situation of Urban Heat Island is more intensified by another phenomenon, heat wave. It is a climatic condition of high to extreme temperature and occurs when temperature departs positively from the normal average maximum temperature. To be considered as a heat wave, the temperature has to depart from the daily maximum temperature by a definite threshold. The study area is Kota District of Rajasthan which is a heat wave prone region along with rapid urbanisation (one of four cities suggested by the Rajasthan Government for smart cities).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
De US, Dube RK, Rao GS Prakasa (2005) Extreme weather events over India in the last 100 years. J Indian Geophys Union 9(3):173–187
Giannini MB, Belfiore OR, Parente C, Santamaria R (2015) Land surface temperature from landsat 5 TM images: comparison of different methods using airborne thermal data. J Eng Sci Technol Rev 8(3):83–90
Karnieli A, Qin Z, Berliner P (2001) A mono-window algorithm for retrieving land surface temperature from landsat TM data and its application to the Israel-Egypt border region. Int J Remote Sens 22(18):3719–3746
Klein Tank AMG, Zwiers Francis W, Zhang X (2009) Guidelines on analysis of extremes in a changing climate in support of informed decisions for adaptation. Climate Data Monitoring, WCDMP No. 72, WMO
Landsat 7 Science Data Users Handbook, National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Mallick J, Kant Y, Bharath BD (2008) Estimation of land surface temperature over Delhi using Landsat-7 ETM+. J Indian Geophys Union, July 2008, 12, 3:131–140
Nairn John R, Fawcett Robert J B (2015) The excess heat factor: a metric for heatwave intensity and its use in classifying heatwave severity. Int J Environ Res Public Health 12:227–253
Ngie A, Abutaleb K, Ahmed F, Taiwo OJ, Darwish AA, Ahmed M (2015) An estimation of land surface temperatures from landsat ETM + images for Durban. South Africa. Geo, Technology of Rwanda
Ramaswami C (1941) On the heat wave over Northern India in April–May
Robinson Peter J (2001) On the definition of heat wave. J Appl Meteorol 40:762–775
Shahraiyni Hamid Taheri, Sodoudi Sahar, El-Zafarany Abbas, Seoud El, Abou Tarek, Ashraf Hesham, Krone Kristin (2016) A comprehensive statistical study on daytime surface urban heat Island during summer in urban areas. Cairo and Its New Towns, Remote Sensing, Case Study
Sharma JK, Srivastava K, Bhatnagar NP (2009) A study of heat wave/ severe heatwave over Bihar and Jharkhand. Mausam 60:89–106
Souch C, Grimmond CS (2004) Applied Climatology: heat waves. Prog Phys Geogr 599–606
Spinoni J, Lakatos M, Szentimrey T, Bihari Z, Szalai S, Vogt J, Antofie T (2015) Heat and cold waves trends in the Carpathian Region from 1961 to 2010. Int J Climatol
Tan J, Zheng Y, Tang X, Guo C, Li L, Song G, Zhen X, Yuan D, Kalkstein AJ, Li F, Chen H (2010) The urban heat Island and its impact on heat waves and human health in Shanghai. Int J Biometeorol: 75–84
Walawender Jakub P, Szymanowski Mariusz, Hajto Monika J, Bokwa Anita (2014) Land Surface Temperature Patterns in the Urban Agglomeration of Krakow (Poland) Derived from Landsat-7/ETM + Data. Pure Applied Geophysics 171:913–940
Zaharaddeen I, Baba II, Zachariah A (2016) Estimation of land surface temperature of Kaduna Metropolis, Nigeria using Landsat Images. Sci World J 11(3):37–42
Zhang Z, Ji M, Shu J, Deng Z, Wu Y (2008) Surface Urban Heat Island in Shanghai, China: Examining the Relationship between Land Surface Temperature and Impervious Surface Fractions Derived from Landsat Etm + Imagery. The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Vol XXXVII., Part B8, Beijing
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Borah, R. (2020). Development of Urban Heat Island and Its Relation to Heat Waves. In: Singh, R., Srinagesh, B., Anand, S. (eds) Urban Health Risk and Resilience in Asian Cities. Advances in Geographical and Environmental Sciences. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1205-6_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1205-6_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-15-1204-9
Online ISBN: 978-981-15-1205-6
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)