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Anatomy and Function

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Diagnosis of Liver Disease

Abstract

The liver weighing 1200–1500 g is the largest organ in the human adult and occupies about 2% of body weight. There are two anatomical lobes in the liver, right and left, with the right lobe six times in volume than the left lobe. The right and left lobes are separated anteriorly by the falciform ligament, posteriorly by ligamentum venosum, and inferiorly by ligamentum teres. The Couinaud classification [1] defines eight segments of the liver, and the Bismuth classification [2] divides it into four sectors; they are subdivided into right anterior (V and VIII), right posterior (VI and VII), left medial (IV), or left lateral (II and III) segment and caudate lobe (I) (Fig. 1.1).

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Abbreviations

AFP:

Alpha fetoprotein

cAMP:

cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate

cGMP:

cyclic guanosine 3′,5′-monophosphate

Cx:

Connexin

EGFR:

Epidermal growth factor receptor

GVHD:

Graft-versus-host disease

HCV:

Hepatitis C virus

IL-6:

Interleukin-6

JAMs:

Junctional adhesion molecules

PDZ:

Postsynaptic density 95; Discs large, zonula occludens

PKC:

Protein kinase C

PSC:

Primary sclerosing cholangitis

SR-BI:

Scavenger receptor BI

TNF:

Tumor necrosis factor

ZO:

Zonula occludens

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Kyoto, Japan

    Masaki Iwai MD, PhD

  2. Sapporo, Japan

    Takashi Kojima PhD

  3. New Hampshire, USA

    Arief A. Suriawinata MD

Authors
  1. Masaki Iwai MD, PhD
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  2. Takashi Kojima PhD
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  3. Arief A. Suriawinata MD
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Masaki Iwai MD, PhD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Tokyo Women’s Medical University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan

    Etsuko Hashimoto

  2. Department of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA

    Paul Y. Kwo

  3. Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Dartmouth–Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH, USA

    Arief A. Suriawinata

  4. Department of Pathology, Caritas Medical Center, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China

    Wilson M.S. Tsui

  5. Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Internal Medicine, Iwai Clinic, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan

    Masaki Iwai

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Iwai, M., Kojima, T., Suriawinata, A.A. (2019). Anatomy and Function. In: Hashimoto, E., Kwo, P., Suriawinata, A., Tsui, W., Iwai, M. (eds) Diagnosis of Liver Disease. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6806-6_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-6806-6_1

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