Abstract
This chapter addresses the concept of productivity in the context of structural adjustment policies implemented by the Australian Government in recent decades. I suggest this focus reduces the value of farming, and of farmers, to the capacity to be productive. As in the normalisation of competition as a process of creating winners and losers, I show that structural adjustment normalises farmer exits as an essential step in maximising industry efficiency and productivity. I then develop this idea further by arguing that these reductionist policy constructions externalise the social and environmental consequences of the neoliberalisation of Australian agricultural and rural industries. Drawing on policy discourses around agriculture, specifically, structural adjustment and the construction of farmers’ identity, I explore the construction of farming as a reducible, calculable function which the state is able to act upon to meet its objective of maximising productive resource use.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Allen Consulting, (2000), The Wheat Marketing Act 1989 – The Economic Impact of Competitive Restrictions, Sydney: Allen Consulting Group.
Argent, N., (2005), The neoliberal seduction: Governing-at-a-distance, community development and the battle over financial services provision in Australia, Geographical Research, 43(1), pp. 29–39.
Burch, D., Dixon, J., and Lawrence, G., (2013), Introduction to the symposium on the changing role of supermarkets in global supply chains: From seedling to supermarket: Agrifood supply chains in transition, Agriculture and Human Values, 30, pp. 215–224.
Cheshire, L., and Lawrence, G., (2005), Neoliberalism, Individualisation and Community: Regional Restructuring in Australia, Social Identities, 11(5), pp. 435–445.
Clapp, J., (2015), Distant agricultural landscapes, Sustain Sci, 10, pp. 305–316.
Commonwealth of Australia, (2013), Agricultural Competitiveness White Paper: Terms of reference, [online] http://agwhitepaper.agriculture.gov.au/supporting-information/key-documents/terms-of-reference [Accessed December 12 2016].
Commonwealth of Australia, (2015), Agricultural Competitiveness White Paper: Stronger farmers, stronger communities, [online] http://agwhitepaper.agriculture.gov.au/ [Accessed June 6 2016].
Dean, M., (1999), Governmentality: Power and Rule in Modern Society, London: Sage Publications.
Dibden, J., Potter, C., and Cocklin, C., (2009), Contesting the neoliberal project for agriculture: Productivist and multifunctional trajectories in the European Union and Australia, Journal of Rural Studies, 25(3), pp. 299–308.
Fairbairn, M., (2014), ‘Like gold with yield’: Evolving intersections between farmland and finance, Journal of Peasant Studies, 41(5), pp. 777–795.
Financial Review, (1992), The best in the bush, August 28 1992.
Gill, F., (2011), Responsible agents: Responsibility and the changing relationship between farmers and the state. Rural Society 20(2): 128–141.
Gray, E., Oss-Emer, M., and Sheng, Y., (2014), Australian agricultural productivity growth: Past reforms and future opportunities, Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics and Sciences, Research Report 14.2, Canberra, February.
Higgins, V., Dibden, J., and Cocklin, C., (2015), Private agri-food governance and greenhouse gas abatement: Constructing a corporate carbon economy, Geoforum, 66, pp. 75–84.
Higgins, V., (2002), Constructing reform: Economic expertise and the governing of agricultural change in Australia, New York: Nova Science Publishers.
Higgins, V., (2001), Governing the boundaries of viability: Economic expertise and the production of the ‘low income farm problem’ in Australia, Sociologia Ruralis, 41(3), pp. 358–375.
Higgins, V., and Lockie, S., (2002), Re-discovering the social: neo-liberalism and hybrid practices of governing in rural natural resource management, Journal of Rural Studies, 18, pp. 419–428.
Hilmer, F, Rayner, M., and Taperell, G., (1993), National Competition Policy Review, [online] http://ncp.ncc.gov.au/docs/National%20Competition%20Policy%20Review%20report,%20The%20Hilmer%20Report,%20August%201993.pdf [Accessed July 30 2015].
Industry Commission, (1991), Statutory marketing arrangements for primary products, Report No. 10, Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service.
Irving, M., Arney, J., and Linder, B., (2000), National Competition Policy review of the Wheat Marketing Act 1989, Canberra: National Competition Policy – Wheat Marketing Act Review Committee.
Knopke, P., O’Donnell, V., and Shepherd, A., (2000), Productivity growth in the Australian grains industry, ABARE Research Report 2000.1, Canberra.
Larner, W., (2000), Post-welfarist state governance: Towards a code of social and family responsibility, Social Politics 7(2): 244–265.
Lawrence, G., Richards, C., and Lyons, K., (2013), Food security in Australia in an era of neoliberalism, productivism and climate change, Journal of Rural Studies, 29(1), pp. 30–39.
Lockie S, and Higgins, V., (2007), Roll-out neoliberalism and hybrid practices of regulation in Australian agri-environmental governance, Journal of Rural Studies, 23(1), pp. 1–11.
Martin, S., and Clapp, J., (2015), Finance for agriculture or agriculture for finance?, Journal of Agrarian Change, 15(4), pp. 549–559.
McKee, K., (2008), Transforming Scotland’s public-sector housing through community ownership: The reterritorialisation of housing governance, Space and Polity, 12(2), pp. 183–196.
Miller, P., and Rose, N., (1990), Governing economic life, Economy and Society, 19(1), pp. 1–31.
Murphy, S., Burch, D., and Clapp, J., (2012), Cereal Secrets: The world’s largest grain traders and global agriculture, [online] http://www.oxfam.org/sites/www.oxfam.org/files/rr-cereal-secrets-grain-traders-agriculture-30082012-en.pdf [Accessed October 28 2014].
Nevile, J., (1971), The government, the economy and productivity, in Nevile, J., Le Couteur, G., and Bell, H., (eds), Productivity, Sydney: Committee for Economic Development of Australia.
Nossal, K., and Gooday, P., (2009), Raising productivity growth in Australian agriculture, ABARE project 3425, Canberra: Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics.
Nossal, K., Zhao, S., Sheng, Y., and Gunasekera, D., (2009), Productivity movements in Australian agriculture, Australian Commodities, 16(1), pp. 206–216.
Pritchard, B., (2005), Unpacking the neoliberal approach to regional policy: A close reading of John Freebairn’s ‘Economic policy for rural and regional Australia’, Geographical Research, 43(1), pp. 103–112.
Productivity Commission, (2010), Wheat export marketing arrangements: Report no. 51, AGPS, Canberra.
Productivity Commission, (2005), Trends in Australian agriculture, Canberra: Commonwealth of Australia.
Royal Commission into Grain Storage, Handling and Transport, (1988), Royal Commission into Grain Storage, Handling and Transport, Canberra: AGPS.
Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation, (2007), Drivers of structural change in Australian agriculture, RIRDC Publication No 07/057, Canberra: Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation.
Salerno, T., (2017), Cargill’s corporate growth in times of crisis: How agro-commodity traders are increasing profits in the midst of volatility, Agriculture and Human Values, 34, pp. 211–222.
Sippel, S., Larder, N., and Lawrence, G., (2017), Grounding the financialisation of farmland: Perspectives on financial actors as new land owners in rural Australia, Agriculture and Human Values, 34(2), pp. 251–265.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
O’Keeffe, P. (2019). Productivism, Financialisation, and the “Good Farmer”: Constructing a Rational, Governable Farming Sector. In: Making Markets in Australian Agriculture. Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3519-8_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3519-8_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-3518-1
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-3519-8
eBook Packages: Economics and FinanceEconomics and Finance (R0)