Abstract
The methods of production of cold by mechanical processes are quite recent which is attained by the effective usage of refrigerant. In the earlier days, ethyl chloride (C2H5Cl) was used as a refrigerant which soon offered way to ammonia early in 1875, sulphur dioxide (SO2) in 1874, methyl chloride (CH3Cl) in 1878 and carbon dioxide (CO2) in 1881, which were found claims as refrigerants. During the nineteenth century, many new refrigerants, such as N2O3, CH4, C2H6, C2H4 and C3H8, were employed low-temperature refrigeration, and later, Freons are a series of fluorinated hydrocarbons in twentieth century, generally known as fluorocarbons like CFCs, HCFCs and HFCs, derived from methane, ethane, etc. as bases are used as a refrigerant. Recent legislation worldwide and in the EU is still not quite completed concerning refrigerant issues. This paper describes the refrigerant used at past, present and future and the reason for switching over the new refrigerant from old in every era and gives the detailed analysis of future refrigerant, which meets ours basic requirements, such as safety, durability, economic or environmental issues like ODP and GWP.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Vinoth Kanna, I.: Optimisation of the evaporator of a refrigerator employing hydrocarbon as a refrigerant. Int. J. Ambient Energy 1–8 (2018)
Vinoth Kanna, I., Devaraj, A., Subramani, K.: Bio diesel production by using Jatropha: the fuel for future. Int. J. Ambient Energy 1–7 (2018)
Wang, X., Jia, L.: Experimental study on heat transfer performance of pulsating heat pipe with refrigerants. J. Therm. Sci. 25(5), 449–453 (2016)
Yoon, J.-I., Choi, K.-H., Lee, H.-S., Kim, H.-J., Son, C.-H.: Assessment of the performance of a natural gas liquefaction cycle using natural refrigerants. Heat Mass Transf. 51(1), 95–105 (2015)
Amooey, A.A.: A new equation for the thermal conductivity of liquid refrigerants over wide temperature and pressure ranges. J. Eng. Phys. Thermophys. 90(2), 392–396 (2017)
Lumpkin, R.: Two-phase injected and vapor-injected compression: experimental results and mapping correlation for a R-407C scroll compressor. Int. J. Refrig. 86, 449–462 (2018)
Nagappan, M., Vinoth Kanna, I.: A novel technique and detailed analysis of cars in Indian roads to adopt low ground clearance. Int. J. Ambient Energy 1–7 (2018)
Vinoth Kanna, I., Paturu, P.: A study of hydrogen as an alternative fuel. Int. J. Ambient Energy 1–4 (2018)
Khan, M.H.: Conventional refrigeration systems using phase change material: a review. Int. J. Air-Cond. Refrig 24, 1630007 (2016)
Vinoth Kanna, I., Vasudevan, A., Subramani, K.: Internal combustion engine efficiency enhancer by using hydrogen. Int. J. Ambient Energy 1–4 (2018)
Choi, J.W., Kim, S., Kang, Y.T.: CO2 hydrate cooling system and LCC analysis for energy transportation application. Appl. Thermal Eng. 91, 11–18. Online publication date: 1 Dec 2015 (2015)
Vinoth kanna, I., Pinky, D.: Automatic seat level control using MEMS programmed with Lab VIEW. Int. J. Ambient Energy 1–4 (2018)
Vinoth Kanna, I.: Modelling and thermal analysis of air-cooling system with fin pitch in IC engines. Int. J. Ambient Energy 1–9 (2018)
Bolaji, B.O., Adeleke, A.E., Adu, M.R., Olanipekun, M.U., Akinnibosun, E.: Theoretical investigation of energy-saving potential of eco-friendly R430A, R440A and R450A refrigerants in a domestic refrigerator. Iranian Journal of Science and Technology, Transactions of Mechanical Engineering
Blindenbach, W.L., Economou, I.G., Smits, P.J., Peters, C.J., de Swaan Arons, J.: Modeling the thermodynamic properties of CFC and HCFC compounds, and the vapor-liquid equilibria of CFC and HCFC mixtures and CFC/HCFC-hydrocarbon mixtures, with the perturbed anisotropic chain theory (PACT). Fluid Phase Equilib. 97, 13–28 (1994)
Storms, W.: Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of single doses of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) and CFC-Free cromolyn sodium for exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. Curr. Ther. Res. 60(12), 629–637 (1999)
Chang, W.-K., Criddle, C.S.: Biotransformation of HCFC-22, HCFC-142b, HCFC-123, and HFC-134a by methanotrophic mixed culture MM1. Biodegradation 6(1), 1–9 (1995)
Lee, J.H., Jung, C.W., Chang, Y.S., Chung, J.T., Kang, YT.: Nu and Sh correlations for LiCl solution and moist air in plate type dehumidifier. Int. J. Heat Mass Transf. 100, 433–444. Online publication date: 1 Sept 2016 (2016)
Paturu, P., Vinoth kanna, I.: Experimental investigation of performance and emissions characteristics on single-cylinder direct-injection diesel engine with PSZ coating using radish biodiesel. Int. J. Ambient Energy 1–10 (2018)
Boumedienne, B.M., Ouadha, A., Addad, Y.: Thermodynamic analysis of hydrocarbon refrigerants-based ethylene BOG re-liquefaction system. J. Mar. Sci. Appl. 15(3), 321–330 (2016)
Okada, M., Higashi, Y.: Experimental surface tensions for HFC-32, HCFC-124, HFC-125, HCFC-141b, HCFC-142b, and HFC-152a. Int. J. Thermophys. 16(3), 791–800 (1995)
Li, P., Mühle, J., Montzka, S.A., Oram, D.E., Miller, B.R., Tanhua, T.: Global annual mean atmospheric histories, growth rates and seawater solubility estimations of the halogenated compounds HCFC-22, HCFC-141b, HCFC-142b, HFC-134a, HFC-125, HFC-23, PFC-14 and PFC-116. Ocean Sci. Discuss. 1–51
Kutsuna, S.: Determination of rate constants for aqueous reactions of HCFC-123 and HCFC-225ca with OH along with Henry’s Law Constants of Several HCFCs . Int. J. Chem. Kinet. 45(7), 440–451 (2013)
Beshr, M., Aute, V., Abdelaziz, O., Fricke, B., Radermacher, R.: Potential emission savings from refrigeration and air conditioning systems by using low GWP refrigerants. Int. J. Life Cycle Assess. 22(5), 675–682 (2017)
Li, W., Bi, S., Zhao, G., Wu, J.: An improved prediction equation of refrigerants surface tension based on the principle of corresponding states. Chem. Res. Chin. Univ. 30(4), 681–684 (2014)
Wang, F., Shen, S.Q., Li, D.Y.: Evaluation on environment-friendly refrigerants with similar normal boiling points in ejector refrigeration system. Heat and Mass Transf. 51(7), 965–972 (2015)
McLinden, M.O., Steven Brown, J., Brignoli, R., Kazakov, A.F., Domanski, P.A.: Limited options for low-global-warming-potential refrigerants. Nat. Commun. 8, 14476 (2017)
Chopra, K., Sahni, V., Mishra, R.S.: Thermodynamic analyses of multiple evaporators vapor compression refrigeration systems with R410A, R290, R1234YF, R502, R404A, R152A AND R134A. Int. J. Air-Cond. Refrig. 22, 1450003 (2014)
Brown, J.S., Zilio, C., Cavallini, A.: The fluorinated olefin R-1234ze (Z) as a high-temperature heat pumping refrigerant. Int. J. Refrig. 32(6), 1412–1422 (2009)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Vinoth Kanna, I., Devaraj, A. (2019). Discussion of Past, Present and Future Perspectives of Refrigerants and Its Future Scope. In: Chandrasekhar, U., Yang, LJ., Gowthaman, S. (eds) Innovative Design, Analysis and Development Practices in Aerospace and Automotive Engineering (I-DAD 2018). Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2697-4_50
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2697-4_50
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-2696-7
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-2697-4
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)