Abstract
This paper presents an overview of content-based image retrieval based on integrating image features obtained from scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) with multivariate Gaussian distribution for the efficient retrieval of images in the image database. The state-of-the-art methods for image retrieval and object recognition use SIFT and HoG to extract image visual features. Though these descriptors are helpful in a variety of applications, they exploit zero-order statistics as they only collect histogram features, and this lacks high descriptiveness of object features and quantization problem. The novel method is having each pixel of the object which is associated with multivariate Gaussian distribution and approximated new features in the locality of the region. The key issue of this approach lies in space of the multivariate Gaussian distribution which lies in Riemannian manifold. But the linear space is suitable domain to discriminate image feature vectors efficiently. With the basis of Lie group structure and Riemannian geometry, multiplication operations are determined on the manifold to embed Gaussian space into linear space and are referred to as log-Euclidean multivariate Gaussian descriptors. These descriptors determine distinctive low- and high-dimensional image features efficiently. The experiments were conducted on Caltech-101, WANG database to validate thoroughly this approach.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Hiremath, P.S., Pujari, J.: Content based image retrieval using color, texture and shape features. In: International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communications, 2007. ADCOM 2007. IEEE (2007)
Venu Gopal, T., Ramesh Naik, B., Prasad, V.K.: Image retrieval using adapted Fourier descriptors. Int. J. Signal Imag. Syst. Eng. 3(3), 188–194 (2010)
Lowe, D.: Distinctive image features from scale-invariant keypoints. Int. J. Comput. Vis. 60, 91–110 (2004)
Persoon, E., Fu, K.S.: Shape discrimination using Fourier descriptors. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. 21(3), 170–179 (1997)
Dalal, N., Triggs, B.: Histograms of oriented gradients for human detection. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 886–893 (2005)
Arsigny, V., Fillard, P., Pennec, X., Ayache, N.: Geometric means in a novel vector space structure on symmetric positive-definite atrices. SIAM J. Matrix Anal., Appl (2006)
Lebanon, G.: Metric learning for text documents. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 28(4) (2006)
Li, P., Wang, Q., Zeng, H., Zhang, L.: Local log euclidean multivariate gaussian descriptors and its application to image classification. IEEE Trans. PAMI 39(4), 803–817 (2017)
Naik, B.Ramesh, Venugopal, T.: Object recognition using log euclidean multivariate gaussian descriptors. Int. J. Appl. Eng. Res. 12(14), 4130–4137 (2017)
Shi, H., Zhang, H., Li, G., Wang, X.: Stable embedding of Grassmann Manifold via Gaussian Random Matrices. IEEE Trans. Inf. Theory 61(5), 2924–2924 (2015)
Ke, Y., Sukthankar, R.: PCA-SIFT: a more distinctive representation for local image descriptors. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. II–506 (2004)
Grana, C., et al.: UNIMORE at ImageCLEF 2013: Scalable Concept Image Annotation. CLEF (Working Notes) (2013)
Serra, G., Grana, C., Manfredi, M., Cucchiara, R.: Modeling local descriptors with multivariate Gaussians for object and scene recognition. In: Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Multimedia, pp. 709–712 (2013)
Lebanon, G.: Riemannian geometry and statistical machine learning. Thesis, Language Technologies Institute, 2005
Huang, Y., Wu, Z., Wang, L., Tan, T.: Feature coding in image classification: a comprehensive study. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 36(3), 493–506 (2014)
Hall, B.C.: Lie groups, Lie algebras, and Representations: an elementary entroduction. Graduate Texts in Mathematics, vol. 222, 2nd edn. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13467-3. ISBN 978-3319134666 ISSN 0072-5285. 2015
Skovgaard, L.T.: A Riemannian geometry of the multivariate normal model. Scand. J. Stat. 11(4), 211–223 (1984)
Sánchez, J., Perronnin, F., Mensink, T., Verbeek, J.: Image classification with the Fisher vector: theory and practice. Int. J. Comput. Vis. 105(3), 222–245 (2013)
Calvo, M., Oller, J.M.: A distance between multivariate normal distributions based in an embedding into the siegel group. J. Multivar. Anal. 35(2), 223–242 (1990)
Gallier, J.: Logarithms and square roots of real matrices. CoRR (2013). arXiv:0805.0245
Cimpoi, M., Maji, S., Kokkinos, I., Mohamed, S., Vedaldi, A.: Describing textures in the wild. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 3606–3613 (2014)
Garnett, R., Osborne, M.A., Hennig, P.: Active learning of linear embeddings for Gaussian processes. arXiv:1310.6740 (2013)
Donahue, J., Jia, Y., Vinyals, O., Hoffman, J., Zhang, N., Tzeng, E., Darrell, T.: DeCAF: a deep convolutional activation feature forgeneric visual recognition. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Machine Learning, pp. 647–655 (2014)
van de Sande, K., Gevers, T., Snoek, C.: Evaluating color descriptors for object and scene recognition. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 32(9), 1582–1596 (2010)
Griffin, G., Holub, A., Perona, P.: The Caltech-256. Tech. Rep, California Institute of Technology (2007)
Lazebnik, S., Schmid, C., Ponce, J.: Beyond bags of features: spatial pyramid matching for recognizing natural scene categories. In: Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, pp. 2169–2178 (2006)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2019 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Ramesh Naik, B., Venu Gopal, T. (2019). Improved Content-Based Image Retrieval with Multivariate Gaussian Distribution. In: Nayak, J., Abraham, A., Krishna, B., Chandra Sekhar, G., Das, A. (eds) Soft Computing in Data Analytics . Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 758. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0514-6_40
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0514-6_40
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-0513-9
Online ISBN: 978-981-13-0514-6
eBook Packages: Intelligent Technologies and RoboticsIntelligent Technologies and Robotics (R0)